LNAT Argument Evaluation 3

Question 1

A newspaper editorial argues: 'Either we ban all handguns or violent crime will continue to rise.' Which fallacy does this commit?

Accepted Answer

False dilemma

Answer

Presenting only two options when others exist is a false dilemma (false dichotomy).

Question 2

Which of the following most weakens the argument that raising the minimum wage causes unemployment?

Accepted Answer

Studies of cities that raised minimum wage show no significant increase in unemployment

Answer

Empirical data showing no unemployment rise after minimum wage increases directly contradicts the causal claim.

Question 3

An author writes: 'This diet must be effective because thousands of customers have left five-star reviews.' This reasoning is flawed because:

Accepted Answer

It relies on anecdotal appeal and ignores confirmation bias in self-reported reviews

Answer

Self-selected positive reviews reflect confirmation bias and are not controlled evidence of effectiveness.

Question 4

If an argument is 'begging the question,' this means:

Accepted Answer

The conclusion is used as a premise to support itself

Answer

Begging the question (petitio principii) occurs when the conclusion is assumed within the premises.

Question 5

Which of the following represents an appeal to authority that is logically legitimate rather than fallacious?

Accepted Answer

A Nobel Prize-winning economist testifies on monetary policy within their research field

Answer

Appealing to a genuine expert within their area of expertise is a legitimate use of authority.

LNAT Practice Test