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Logical Deduction Flashcards

7 cards from real LNAT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Argument: 'My client could not have committed the robbery at 9 pm because he was dining with me at 9 pm.' This is an example of:

    Answer: Alibi / rebuttal evidence

    Providing a location alibi is a direct rebuttal that undermines the prosecution's claim by showing a contradictory fact.

  2. All statutory instruments must be laid before Parliament. This regulation was not laid before Parliament. Therefore:

    Answer: The regulation is not a statutory instrument

    By contrapositive: if not laid before Parliament, then not a statutory instrument.

  3. Passage: 'Raising the minimum wage always increases unemployment.' Which finding most strengthens this?

    Answer: A meta-analysis shows unemployment rises in 80% of cases after minimum wage increases

    Empirical evidence showing unemployment rises in a majority of observed cases directly supports the causal claim.

  4. P: If the appeal succeeds, the sentence is reduced. Q: If the sentence is reduced, the defendant is released early. R: The appeal did not succeed. What follows?

    Answer: Nothing follows about the sentence

    The conditionals only tell us what happens if the appeal succeeds; since it failed, the conditionals are not triggered and nothing can be deduced.

  5. In a survey, 60% of respondents support capital punishment, yet juries rarely recommend it. Which best explains this paradox?

    Answer: Jurors apply a higher standard of proof than abstract opinion allows

    The act of deciding a real case imposes a higher evidential burden than expressing an abstract preference, explaining the gap.

  6. Some precedents are overruled. All overruled precedents lose binding force. No persuasive authorities have binding force. Which is a valid conclusion?

    Answer: Some precedents lose binding force

    Some precedents are overruled, and all overruled precedents lose binding force, so some precedents lose binding force.

  7. A logician says: 'This statement is false.' If the statement is true, it is false; if it is false, it is true. This is an example of:

    Answer: The liar's paradox — a self-referential contradiction

    The liar's paradox arises when a statement refers to its own truth value, producing an irresolvable contradiction.