Human Development Theories Flashcards

In Freud's psychosexual theory, unresolved conflict during the anal stage may result in an adult character marked by:

Answer: Orderliness, stubbornness, and miserliness

Freudian theory associates anal fixation with anal-retentive traits such as excessive orderliness, rigidity, and stubbornness, or anal-expulsive traits like messiness.

According to Ainsworth's Strange Situation research, an 'avoidantly attached' infant is MOST likely to:

Answer: Explore freely, show little distress at separation, and ignore the caregiver at reunion

Avoidantly attached infants appear indifferent to the caregiver's departure and return, having learned that emotional needs are unlikely to be met.

Helms' White Racial Identity Development model suggests that the 'reintegration' status involves:

Answer: Idealization of White culture and hostility toward minority groups

In the reintegration status, the person idealizes White culture and may harbor conscious or unconscious hostility toward people of color.

A social worker notes that a client demonstrates formal operational thinking when the client:

Answer: Uses deductive reasoning to consider hypothetical scenarios

Formal operational thinking (Piaget, ages 12+) includes abstract, hypothetical-deductive reasoning about possibilities rather than only concrete realities.

Feminist developmental theory most challenges which assumption in traditional developmental models?

Answer: That autonomy and separation are the hallmarks of healthy adult maturity

Feminist theorists argue that traditional models overvalue separation-individuation and autonomy, which reflect male norms, while undervaluing relational and interdependent models of development.

According to Kübler-Ross's stage model of grief, a dying patient who says 'I'll be a better person if God just gives me more time' is in which stage?

Answer: Bargaining

Bargaining involves negotiating with a higher power or fate for more time or a second chance, often accompanied by guilt or 'if only' thinking.

Baumrind's 'authoritative' parenting style is associated with which child outcome?

Answer: High competence, self-reliance, and social responsibility

Authoritative parenting (warm + firm + responsive) is consistently linked to positive outcomes including high social competence, self-esteem, and academic achievement.