Quality Assurance & Improvement Flashcards
7 cards from real LMC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning โ missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Quality Assurance & Improvement flashcards as text
A manufacturing team notices that 80% of customer complaints stem from 3 out of 15 defect types. Which Lean quality tool best supports this finding?
Answer: Pareto chart
A Pareto chart visualizes the 80/20 rule, identifying the vital few defect types that cause the majority of problems.
In a Lean quality system, 'jidoka' primarily means:
Answer: Automation with a human touch that stops on defects
Jidoka empowers machines and workers to stop production immediately when a defect is detected, preventing defect propagation.
Which metric directly measures the percentage of units that complete a process without any defect or rework on the first attempt?
Answer: First Pass Yield (FPY)
First Pass Yield (FPY) measures the proportion of units produced correctly without rework or scrap on the first try.
A process capability index (Cpk) of 0.85 indicates:
Answer: The process is not capable and produces defects
A Cpk below 1.0 means the process cannot consistently meet specifications, resulting in defects beyond acceptable limits.
During a quality audit, the team finds that rework stations are located at the end of the production line. From a Lean perspective, this is problematic because:
Answer: It delays defect detection, increasing waste and cost
Detecting and correcting defects late in the process is far more costly than catching them at the source, violating the principle of built-in quality.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a quality gate in a Lean process?
Answer: To ensure only conforming products advance to the next process step
Quality gates act as checkpoints that prevent nonconforming items from advancing, containing defects within a process step.
A Lean team wants to reduce variation in a welding process. Which tool would help them understand how input variables relate to output quality?
Answer: Cause-and-effect (Ishikawa) diagram
An Ishikawa (fishbone) diagram maps potential causes across categories like materials, methods, and machines to identify sources of output variation.