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Quality Assurance & Improvement Flashcards

7 cards from real LMC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Quality Assurance & Improvement flashcards as text

  1. A manufacturing team notices that 80% of customer complaints stem from 3 out of 15 defect types. Which Lean quality tool best supports this finding?

    Answer: Pareto chart

    A Pareto chart visualizes the 80/20 rule, identifying the vital few defect types that cause the majority of problems.

  2. In a Lean quality system, 'jidoka' primarily means:

    Answer: Automation with a human touch that stops on defects

    Jidoka empowers machines and workers to stop production immediately when a defect is detected, preventing defect propagation.

  3. Which metric directly measures the percentage of units that complete a process without any defect or rework on the first attempt?

    Answer: First Pass Yield (FPY)

    First Pass Yield (FPY) measures the proportion of units produced correctly without rework or scrap on the first try.

  4. A process capability index (Cpk) of 0.85 indicates:

    Answer: The process is not capable and produces defects

    A Cpk below 1.0 means the process cannot consistently meet specifications, resulting in defects beyond acceptable limits.

  5. During a quality audit, the team finds that rework stations are located at the end of the production line. From a Lean perspective, this is problematic because:

    Answer: It delays defect detection, increasing waste and cost

    Detecting and correcting defects late in the process is far more costly than catching them at the source, violating the principle of built-in quality.

  6. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a quality gate in a Lean process?

    Answer: To ensure only conforming products advance to the next process step

    Quality gates act as checkpoints that prevent nonconforming items from advancing, containing defects within a process step.

  7. A Lean team wants to reduce variation in a welding process. Which tool would help them understand how input variables relate to output quality?

    Answer: Cause-and-effect (Ishikawa) diagram

    An Ishikawa (fishbone) diagram maps potential causes across categories like materials, methods, and machines to identify sources of output variation.