Grammar: Conditionals and Modal Verbs Flashcards

If the weather _____ nice tomorrow, we will go to the beach.

Answer: is

The first conditional uses present simple in the if-clause and 'will + infinitive' in the main clause to describe real, possible future situations.

If she _____ the answer, she would tell you.

Answer: knew

The second conditional uses past simple in the if-clause to describe hypothetical or unlikely present/future situations.

If he _____ his keys, he wouldn't have been locked out.

Answer: hadn't lost

The third conditional uses past perfect in the if-clause to describe a hypothetical situation in the past that did not happen.

If you heat ice, it _____.

Answer: melts

The zero conditional uses present simple in both clauses to express general truths and scientific facts that are always true.

All employees _____ wear a safety helmet on the construction site.

Answer: must

'Must' expresses a strong obligation or rule imposed by an authority, making it the correct choice for a workplace safety requirement.

I'm not sure where John is — he _____ be in the library.

Answer: might

'Might' expresses uncertainty or weak possibility, which matches the speaker's admission that they are not sure.

You look tired. You _____ get more sleep.

Answer: should

'Should' is used to give advice or make recommendations, making it the most appropriate modal here.