Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt Certification Assessment 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following is an example of a 'leading indicator' used in Lean Six Sigma process assessment?
- Customer complaint rate from last quarter
- Number of defects found at final inspection
- In-process temperature readings monitored in real time (Correct answer)
- Annual warranty return rate
Correct answer: In-process temperature readings monitored in real time
Leading indicators are real-time or predictive measures that allow teams to take corrective action before defects reach the customer.
Question 2: A team measures the same part five times with the same operator and gets five different readings. This variation is called:
- Reproducibility
- Accuracy
- Repeatability (Correct answer)
- Bias
Correct answer: Repeatability
Repeatability refers to the variation seen when one operator measures the same part multiple times with the same instrument.
Question 3: What does a run chart primarily help assess in a process?
- The relationship between two variables
- Trends, shifts, or patterns in process data over time (Correct answer)
- The capability of the process versus specification limits
- The frequency distribution of defects by category
Correct answer: Trends, shifts, or patterns in process data over time
A run chart plots data in time sequence to reveal trends, cycles, or shifts that indicate process changes over time.
Question 4: In a waste assessment, which of the following best represents the waste of 'waiting'?
- Producing more items than the customer ordered
- An operator standing idle while a machine completes its cycle (Correct answer)
- Moving materials long distances between workstations
- Inspecting every unit for defects
Correct answer: An operator standing idle while a machine completes its cycle
Waiting waste occurs when people, materials, or equipment are idle between process steps, adding time without adding value.
Question 5: A Yellow Belt is assessing data normality before applying certain statistical tools. Which tool is commonly used for this?
- FMEA
- Probability plot (e.g., normal probability plot) (Correct answer)
- Control chart
- Fishbone diagram
Correct answer: Probability plot (e.g., normal probability plot)
A normal probability plot or Anderson-Darling test checks whether data follows a normal distribution, which is required for many statistical analyses.
Question 6: When conducting a time study as part of process assessment, what is the team trying to quantify?
- The number of defects per unit
- The actual time required to complete each process step (Correct answer)
- Customer satisfaction scores
- The cost of poor quality
Correct answer: The actual time required to complete each process step
A time study measures how long each process step actually takes, providing data for cycle time analysis and identifying bottlenecks.
Question 7: Which of the following describes 'Cost of Poor Quality' (COPQ) in a process assessment?
- The cost of purchasing high-quality raw materials
- The total costs incurred due to defects, rework, scrap, and failures (Correct answer)
- The investment in quality training programs
- The price premium customers pay for a quality product
Correct answer: The total costs incurred due to defects, rework, scrap, and failures
COPQ includes internal failure costs (scrap, rework) and external failure costs (warranty, returns, customer complaints) resulting from poor quality.
Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt Certification Assessment 4
Which of the following is an example of a 'leading indicator' used in Lean Six Sigma process assessment?