Define and Measure Phases Flashcards
7 cards from real Lean Six Sigma Black Belt Certification practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Define and Measure Phases flashcards as text
In a Gage R&R crossed study, which variance component specifically measures variation caused by different appraisers measuring the same part differently?
Answer: Reproducibility
Reproducibility is the variation in measurements caused by different operators or appraisers measuring the same part.
A Voice of the Customer exercise yields the requirement 'deliveries must always be on time.' After applying QFD, what does this become in measurable terms?
Answer: Critical to Quality (CTQ) characteristic
VOC statements are translated into specific, measurable CTQ characteristics that define what 'quality' means to the customer.
Which data collection strategy involves observing and recording process events as they occur in real time rather than from historical records?
Answer: Prospective (real-time) data collection
Prospective data collection captures data as events happen, reducing recall bias and data integrity issues common with historical data.
A process produces 3.4 defects per million opportunities. How many sigma does this correspond to, assuming a 1.5-sigma long-term shift?
Answer: 6 sigma
3.4 DPMO is the benchmark for a Six Sigma process, which assumes a 1.5-sigma shift from the short-term mean to the long-term mean.
When defining project boundaries in the charter, what term describes the point where the process under study begins?
Answer: Start point / process trigger
The start point or trigger event defines where the process begins, which is essential for establishing the project scope boundaries.
A team uses a Pareto chart during the Measure phase. What principle does this tool visually demonstrate?
Answer: 80/20 rule — vital few vs. trivial many
Pareto charts illustrate the 80/20 rule by ranking categories so teams can focus on the vital few causes responsible for most defects.
A Black Belt calculates the process sigma level using a Z-table. Which term describes the area under the curve beyond the specification limit?
Answer: Defect probability (tail area)
The tail area (probability in the tail of the normal distribution) beyond the spec limit represents the probability of producing a defect.