LCA File Systems & Storage Management 4

Question 1

Which command creates a new physical volume (PV) on /dev/sdd for use with LVM?

Accepted Answer

pvcreate /dev/sdd

Answer

pvcreate initializes a disk or partition with LVM metadata, making it usable as a physical volume.

Question 2

What does the 'relatime' mount option do compared to 'atime'?

Accepted Answer

Updates atime only if the file was modified or accessed before its current atime

Answer

relatime only updates atime when the previous atime is older than the mtime or ctime, reducing unnecessary writes.

Question 3

Which command adds an existing physical volume /dev/sde to volume group 'vg_data'?

Accepted Answer

vgextend vg_data /dev/sde

Answer

vgextend adds one or more initialized PVs to an existing volume group, increasing its total capacity.

Question 4

What is the role of the 'journal' in ext3/ext4 filesystems?

Accepted Answer

Records metadata (and optionally data) changes before committing them to ensure consistency after a crash

Answer

The journal is a write-ahead log that records pending changes, allowing the filesystem to recover to a consistent state after an unclean shutdown.

Question 5

Which command shows the inode usage of all mounted filesystems?

Accepted Answer

df -i

Answer

df -i reports inode usage (used, free, and percentage) for each mounted filesystem.

(LCA) Certified Linux Administrator Practice Test