LARAVEL LARAVEL Eloquent ORM & Database 1

Question 1

What class must a Laravel Eloquent model extend?

Accepted Answer

Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model

Answer

All Eloquent models must extend the base Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model class to gain ORM functionality.

Question 2

Which Eloquent method retrieves all records from a database table?

Accepted Answer

Model::all()

Answer

Model::all() returns an Eloquent Collection containing every record in the model's corresponding database table.

Question 3

What is the purpose of the `$fillable` property in an Eloquent model?

Accepted Answer

To whitelist attributes that are mass-assignable

Answer

The $fillable array guards against mass-assignment vulnerabilities by explicitly allowing only listed attributes to be set via create() or fill().

Question 4

Which Eloquent method finds a model by its primary key and throws an exception if not found?

Accepted Answer

findOrFail()

Answer

findOrFail() retrieves a model by primary key and throws a ModelNotFoundException if no record exists.

Question 5

How do you define a one-to-many relationship in Eloquent from the parent model?

Accepted Answer

public function children() { return $this->hasMany(Child::class); }

Answer

The hasMany() method defines a one-to-many relationship where the current model is the parent with multiple related records.

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