Laboratory Science Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine 3

Question 1

Which acute transfusion reaction is the most severe and potentially life-threatening?

Accepted Answer

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer

Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer

Allergic/urticarial reaction

Answer

Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)

Question 2

Which laboratory test detects immunoglobulin or complement already bound to red blood cells in the patient's circulation?

Accepted Answer

Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT)

Answer

Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT)

Answer

Major crossmatch

Answer

Minor crossmatch

Question 3

TRALI (Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury) is primarily caused by:

Accepted Answer

Donor antibodies reactive against recipient HLA or granulocyte antigens

Answer

ABO incompatibility between donor and recipient

Answer

Volume overload from rapid transfusion

Answer

Bacterial contamination of the blood product

Question 4

When blood is needed before compatibility testing can be completed, the standard emergency release product is:

Accepted Answer

Type O negative uncrossmatched blood

Answer

Type A positive blood

Answer

Type AB positive blood

Answer

Type O positive blood for all patients

Question 5

Which set of findings is most consistent with an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobinuria, fever, flank pain, and hypotension during transfusion

Answer

Urticaria and pruritus with normal vital signs

Answer

Gradual onset of pulmonary edema 6 hours post-transfusion

Answer

Temperature rise of 1°C with no other symptoms

Question 6

The Kleihauer-Betke test is used to:

Accepted Answer

Quantify fetal red blood cells in maternal circulation

Answer

Identify the type of hemoglobin in a patient with anemia

Answer

Screen donors for sickle cell trait

Answer

Detect weak D antigen expression on red cells

Question 7

Washed red blood cells are most specifically indicated for which patient population?

Accepted Answer

Patients with IgA deficiency and anti-IgA antibodies

Answer

Patients with sickle cell disease requiring chronic transfusion

Answer

Premature neonates requiring small-volume transfusions

Answer

Patients with a prior mild febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction