Laboratory Science Immunology and Serology

Question 1

What does the ANA (antinuclear antibody) test detect, and what condition is it associated with?

Accepted Answer

Autoantibodies against nuclear components; associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer

Antibodies against bacteria; associated with sepsis

Answer

Antibodies against RBCs; associated with hemolytic anemia

Answer

Antibodies against thyroid; associated with Hashimoto's disease

Question 2

Which immunoglobulin is the first antibody produced during primary immune response?

Accepted Answer

IgM

Answer

IgG

Answer

IgA

Answer

IgE

Question 3

What is the rheumatoid factor (RF) test measuring?

Accepted Answer

IgM autoantibodies directed against the Fc region of IgG

Answer

Anti-CCP antibodies against citrullinated proteins

Answer

Complement levels in blood

Answer

HLA-B27 antigen on lymphocytes

Question 4

A reactive RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) test should be confirmed with which more specific test for syphilis?

Accepted Answer

FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) test

Answer

VDRL test

Answer

Darkfield microscopy only

Answer

KOH preparation

Question 5

Which blood group antigen system is most clinically important for transfusion compatibility?

Accepted Answer

ABO and Rh (D antigen) systems

Answer

Lewis system

Answer

Kell system

Answer

Duffy system

Question 6

What is a direct antiglobulin test (DAT) used to detect?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies or complement bound directly to the patient's red blood cells

Answer

Free antibodies in patient serum

Answer

Bacterial antigens in blood

Answer

Platelet antibodies