Kubernetes Container Orchestration Monitoring and Logging 3

Question 1

What annotation must be added to a Pod to enable Prometheus to automatically scrape its metrics?

Accepted Answer

prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'

Answer

The `prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'` annotation signals Prometheus (via its scrape config) to collect metrics from that Pod's endpoint.

Question 2

Which Kubernetes object is most appropriate for deploying a log collection agent on every node in a cluster?

Accepted Answer

DaemonSet

Answer

A DaemonSet ensures that exactly one copy of a Pod runs on each node, making it ideal for node-level agents like log collectors.

Question 3

In the EFK stack, what is the role of Elasticsearch?

Accepted Answer

Stores and indexes log data for search and retrieval

Answer

Elasticsearch is the storage and search engine in the EFK stack, indexing logs collected by Fluentd so they can be queried via Kibana.

Question 4

What does the `--previous` flag do when used with `kubectl logs`?

Accepted Answer

Shows logs from the previously terminated container instance

Answer

The `--previous` flag retrieves logs from the previously terminated container instance, useful for debugging crash-looping containers.

Question 5

Which Prometheus query function calculates the per-second rate of increase of a counter metric over a time range?

Accepted Answer

rate()

Answer

The `rate()` function computes the average per-second increase of a counter over the specified time window, smoothing out spikes.

Kubernetes Container Orchestration Practice Test