Kubernetes Container Orchestration CI/CD Integration 5

Question 1

What does the maxSurge field in a Kubernetes Deployment's rolling update strategy control?

Accepted Answer

The maximum number of extra Pods that can exist above the desired replica count during the update

Answer

maxSurge specifies how many additional Pods (above the desired count) can be created during a rolling update, controlling update speed vs. resource usage.

Question 2

In a CD pipeline, a deployment is stuck waiting for Pods to become Ready. Which kubectl command gives real-time rollout status?

Accepted Answer

kubectl rollout status deployment/my-app

Answer

kubectl rollout status blocks and streams the rollout progress, exiting with a non-zero code if the rollout fails — ideal for CI/CD gating.

Question 3

What Kubernetes feature allows a CD pipeline to gate deployment to production on a manual approval step?

Accepted Answer

Kubernetes itself has no built-in approval gate; this is implemented at the CD tool layer (e.g., Argo Rollouts, GitHub Environments)

Answer

Kubernetes has no native manual approval primitive; GitOps tools like Argo CD or CI platforms like GitHub Actions implement approval gates via their own mechanisms.

Question 4

When using Argo Rollouts for a canary deployment, what resource defines the traffic split percentage between stable and canary versions?

Accepted Answer

Rollout spec.strategy.canary.steps

Answer

Argo Rollouts uses the Rollout CRD with spec.strategy.canary.steps to define progressive traffic shifts and analysis gates for canary deployments.

Question 5

A pipeline needs to validate that deployed Kubernetes manifests follow organizational policies before applying them. Which tool performs this policy-as-code check against YAML files in the pipeline (not in-cluster)?

Accepted Answer

conftest (with OPA/Rego policies)

Answer

Conftest uses OPA Rego policies to validate Kubernetes YAML files against organizational standards as a pipeline step before any cluster interaction.

Kubernetes Container Orchestration Practice Test

Kubernetes Container Orchestration Practice Test

Kubernetes Container Orchestration CI/CD Integration 5