Keystone Test Biology: Cell Processes/Transport 4

Question 1

During alcoholic fermentation in yeast, glucose is ultimately converted into which two products?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol and CO2

Answer

Lactic acid and CO2

Answer

Pyruvate and water

Answer

Acetyl-CoA and NADH

Question 2

A substance moves from an area of LOW concentration to HIGH concentration across a cell membrane. This process is BEST described as:

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Simple diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 3

Which stage of cellular respiration produces the MOST ATP per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Pyruvate oxidation

Answer

Krebs cycle

Question 4

Endocytosis and exocytosis both involve which cellular structure forming vesicles?

Accepted Answer

The cell membrane

Answer

The nuclear envelope

Answer

The endoplasmic reticulum only

Answer

The mitochondrial membrane

Question 5

Which best explains why oxygen is essential for aerobic cellular respiration but not for fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

Answer

Oxygen is needed to break down glucose in glycolysis

Answer

Oxygen directly produces ATP in the Krebs cycle

Answer

Oxygen activates enzymes used in fermentation

Question 6

When a cell engulfs a large particle by wrapping its membrane around it, this process is specifically called:

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Pinocytosis

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 7

In a concentration gradient experiment, dye molecules spread evenly throughout a container of water over time. This BEST demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion