Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis Flashcards
7 cards from real KAPS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis flashcards as text
Which of the following is an example of a prodrug that is converted to its active form in vivo?
Answer: Enalapril converted to enalaprilat
Enalapril is an ester prodrug that undergoes hydrolysis in vivo to produce the active ACE inhibitor enalaprilat.
In potentiometric titration, the endpoint is determined by:
Answer: A sharp change in electrode potential (inflection point)
Potentiometric titration monitors the electrode potential versus volume of titrant added; the endpoint corresponds to the steepest inflection in the potential curve.
The partition coefficient (log P) of a drug is a measure of its:
Answer: Distribution between octanol and water phases
Log P measures the equilibrium distribution of a drug between n-octanol and water, reflecting its lipophilicity.
Which type of chromatography is most suitable for separating large biomolecules like proteins based on their molecular size?
Answer: Size-exclusion chromatography
Size-exclusion chromatography (gel filtration) separates molecules by size as smaller molecules enter pores while larger ones elute first.
Which of the following statements about enantiomers is correct?
Answer: They have identical physical properties except for rotation of plane-polarized light
Enantiomers are mirror images that are non-superimposable and have identical physical and chemical properties except for the direction of optical rotation.
In pharmaceutical analysis, limit tests for heavy metals such as lead use which reagent to form a colored precipitate?
Answer: Hydrogen sulfide or sodium sulfide
Heavy metal limit tests use thioacetamide (which generates H₂S) or sodium sulfide to precipitate metal sulfides, compared against a lead standard.
Which photodegradation protective strategy is most appropriate for a light-sensitive drug in a solid oral dosage form?
Answer: Packaging in amber glass or opaque containers
Amber or opaque packaging filters UV and visible light, directly protecting photolabile drugs from degradation during storage.