N4 Grammar Flashcards

Which sentence correctly uses 〜たことがある to express past experience?

Answer: 富士山に登ったことがあります。

〜たことがある is formed with the plain past (た-form) of a verb followed by ことがある.

雨が降る___、試合は中止になります。 What fills the blank to mean 'if/when it rains, the game is automatically cancelled'?

Answer: と

〜と expresses a natural or automatic consequence: if/when the first event occurs, the second always follows.

Which option correctly uses 〜てから to indicate sequence (after doing ~)?

Answer: 宿題をしてから、ゲームをします。

〜てから (after doing ~) attaches to the te-form of the first verb to show that the second action follows completion of the first.

このかばんは___より高いです。 Which word correctly fills the blank for 'that one (over there)'?

Answer: あれ

あれ is a standalone pronoun meaning 'that thing (over there)' and is used as a noun in comparisons.

先生に___もらいました。 Which te-form verb correctly fills the blank to mean 'the teacher explained for me'?

Answer: 説明して

〜てもらう (to have someone do something for you) requires the te-form of the main verb.

友達は歌が___そうです。 Which form correctly conveys hearsay ('I heard my friend is good at singing')?

Answer: 上手だ

Hearsay そうです attaches to the plain form of a predicate; for な-adjectives, use the plain form + だそうです.

この薬を飲め___、すぐ良くなりますよ。 Which ending correctly means 'if you take this medicine'?

Answer: ば

The 〜ば conditional is formed by replacing the final う-row sound of the verb with the え-row sound + ば; 飲む→飲めば.