N4 Grammar Flashcards

私は______個の野菜と果物を消費します。

Answer: だけ

だけ means 'only' or 'just' and limits the quantity, fitting 'I consume only a certain number of vegetables and fruits.' など means 'etc.,' しか requires a negative verb, and くらい means 'about/approximately,' so none of them express a precise limited amount the way だけ does.

彼女は ______ 3 週間経っても返事がありませんでした。

Answer: からの

からの marks a starting point in time ('from'), so 'from three weeks ago there was no reply' continues the state forward from that point. までの means 'up to/until,' and のからの/のまでの are ungrammatical double-particle forms.

あなたが一番やりたいことは何ですか?

Answer: が

In 'what you most want to do,' が marks the object of the desire and emphasizes it, which is standard with question words and ～たい constructions. は would shift the focus away, も means 'also,' and に does not mark the object of wanting here.

この時点では２階で＿＿＿の音は誰も聞こえませんでした。

Answer: がした

音がした comes from 音がする, the set phrase meaning a sound 'is made' or 'occurs,' so '誰も聞こえませんでした' refers to a sound that happened upstairs. 音をする and 音にした/になった are not the correct collocations for a sound occurring.

兄が_____寝ているので、私は30分しか眠れません。

Answer: 動きまわったり、しゃべったり

動きまわったり、しゃべったり uses the ～たり～たり pattern to list several representative, non-exhaustive actions (moving around, talking) the brother does while sleeping. ～し～し gives reasons, ～ても means 'even if,' and ～と～と is conditional, so none fit a simple list of disruptive behaviors.

今日は好きなだけ_______して楽しい時間を過ごします。

Answer: 食べる

好きなだけ ('as much as you like') is followed by the plain dictionary form 食べる to complete the phrase 'eat as much as you like.' 食べよう is volitional, 食べ is an incomplete stem, and 食べている is the progressive, none of which match this fixed construction.

子供の頃に大嫌いだった野菜は、今では_______になっています。

Answer: 食べられる

食べられる is the potential form of 食べる, meaning 'can eat,' which fits 'vegetables I hated as a child I can now eat.' 食べる (plain) and 食べた/食べられた don't express the present ability the sentence describes.

私はこの本を兄に＿＿してあげようと思って購入しました。

Answer: 読ませよう

読ませよう combines the causative 読ませる ('make/let read') with the volitional ～よう to express the intention 'I'll have my brother read it,' matching '〜してあげようと思って.' 読みたい/読みたがる express the speaker's or another's desire, and plain 読ませる lacks the intentional volitional needed before と思って.

バーではビールを飲みながら_______モノポリーというゲームをしました。

Answer: 飲みながら

飲みながら uses the ～ながら pattern to show two simultaneous actions, with drinking beer as the accompanying activity while playing Monopoly. 飲むと, 飲むなら, and 飲んだら are all conditional forms and cannot express 'while doing.'

______は大丈夫です。

Answer: しなくて

しなくて is the negative te-form of する, required by the pattern 〜なくて大丈夫です ('it's okay not to do ~'). しないで is a different negative form used for commands or manner, しないよう expresses purpose, and plain しない cannot directly attach to 大丈夫です here.

実は私にはあまり頻繁に______をしないという秘密があります。

Answer: 知られて

よさそう combines the adjective 良い with ～そう ('seems/looks like'); 良い becomes よさ before そう, giving 'it seems good' to provide background information. よいそう and よかったそう express hearsay ('I heard'), and よそう is unrelated, so only よさそう conveys the appearance-based judgment.

大事なお皿を割ってしまったので、母から_______を受け取りました。

Answer: に

The passage explicitly describes stable configurations across 'very long time periods,' so 'short time frames' is the one idea NOT discussed and is the correct EXCEPT answer. The other options — adding phosphorus to a clearwater lake, the role of history (hysteresis), multiple stable states, and out-of-control phytoplankton blooms — are all directly mentioned.

あなたには妹がいますか？ あなたは良い人で有名な人です。 東京の_____に連れて行ってください。

Answer: 会わせてあげる

The passage never frames the FOK/RC distinction as one being 'subjective' and the other 'objective,' so that is the difference it does NOT make. It does state they are elicited under different experimental conditions, assess knowledge at different recall stages, differ in accuracy (RC correlates strongly, FOK weakly), and rely on different cues.

今すぐ電話を切ってください。 _______ 背景情報を提供することをお勧めします。

Answer: よさそう

For the first and second waves, the passage lists women's authorship, the portrayal/behavior of fictional female characters, and women's absence from the male-dominated canon — but it cites the absence of women authors, not a lack of important female characters, so that option is the EXCEPT answer. The 'working conditions of female characters' connects to the depiction of women's situations the passage describes, while the lack of strong female characters is never raised for these earlier periods.

明日、______、図書館は何時に開きますか?

Answer: か

The particle 'か' is essential for forming a question in Japanese, especially when asking for specific information like 'what time' (何時に). It directly follows the question word or the phrase being questioned, turning the sentence into an interrogative one. In this context, '明日、何時に開きますか' (What time does it open tomorrow?) is the complete and grammatically correct question.

______は非常に知的で思いやりのある人です。

Answer: いわれて

The sentence describes someone as 'being said to be' a very intelligent and compassionate person. This requires the passive form of the verb '言う' (iu, to say), which is '言われる' (iwareru, to be said). The -te form 'いわれて' (iwarete) is used here to connect this passive statement to the description of the person, indicating that this is how they are generally perceived or spoken of.