JIBC Emergency Medical Responder Care 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A child patient (age 6) requires CPR. What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer EMR?
- 15:2
- 30:2 (Correct answer)
- 5:1
- 100 compressions with no breaths
Correct answer: 30:2
A single rescuer uses a 30:2 ratio for pediatric CPR; the 15:2 ratio applies only when two trained rescuers are present.
Question 2: Which of the following is a late (decompensated) sign of shock in a pediatric patient?
- Tachycardia
- Mottled skin
- Hypotension (Correct answer)
- Anxiety and irritability
Correct answer: Hypotension
Hypotension is a late, decompensated sign of shock in children; they compensate effectively and drop blood pressure only when critically ill.
Question 3: Standard precautions (PPE) for an EMR responding to a patient with active bleeding should include at minimum:
- N95 respirator and face shield only
- Gloves and eye protection (Correct answer)
- Gloves only
- Gown and gloves only
Correct answer: Gloves and eye protection
At minimum, gloves and eye protection are required when exposure to blood or body fluids is likely, per standard precautions.
Question 4: A patient involved in a motor vehicle collision complains of neck pain and tingling in both arms. The EMR should suspect:
- Brachial plexus strain only
- Cervical spinal injury with possible cord involvement (Correct answer)
- Anxiety-induced paresthesia
- Thoracic aorta injury
Correct answer: Cervical spinal injury with possible cord involvement
Neck pain with bilateral arm tingling after trauma strongly suggests cervical spinal injury potentially involving the spinal cord.
Question 5: The primary purpose of the secondary survey in emergency patient assessment is to:
- Identify and treat immediately life-threatening conditions
- Perform a head-to-toe examination to find all injuries after life threats are managed (Correct answer)
- Obtain vital signs for the first time
- Determine the need for CPR
Correct answer: Perform a head-to-toe examination to find all injuries after life threats are managed
The secondary survey is a systematic head-to-toe evaluation conducted after life threats from the primary survey are addressed.
Question 6: Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to using a tourniquet?
- Wounds on the lower leg
- Bleeding wounds on the torso or neck (Correct answer)
- Wounds near a joint
- Wounds with embedded objects
Correct answer: Bleeding wounds on the torso or neck
Tourniquets can only be applied to extremities; torso or neck wounds cannot be controlled with a tourniquet due to anatomy.
Question 7: When providing care for a patient experiencing a generalized tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizure, the EMR should PRIMARILY:
- Restrain the patient's limbs to prevent injury
- Place a padded tongue depressor in the patient's mouth
- Protect the patient from environmental hazards and time the seizure (Correct answer)
- Begin CPR immediately
Correct answer: Protect the patient from environmental hazards and time the seizure
During a seizure, the EMR should clear the environment of hazards, cushion the head, and time the seizure duration without restraining the patient.
JIBC Emergency Medical Responder Care 5
A child patient (age 6) requires CPR.
What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer EMR?