Intelligence Test Memory and Attention 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The memory technique of grouping individual pieces of information into larger meaningful units is called:
- Elaborative encoding
- Chunking (Correct answer)
- Spaced repetition
- Mnemonics
Correct answer: Chunking
Chunking increases the effective capacity of short-term memory by organizing information into larger, meaningful units.
Question 2: Sustained attention refers to the ability to:
- Focus on two tasks at the same time
- Maintain focus on a task over an extended period (Correct answer)
- Shift attention between different tasks
- Filter out irrelevant information quickly
Correct answer: Maintain focus on a task over an extended period
Sustained attention, also known as vigilance, is the capacity to maintain concentrated focus on a task over a prolonged period.
Question 3: Which brain region is most closely associated with working memory and executive attention functions?
- Cerebellum
- Occipital lobe
- Prefrontal cortex (Correct answer)
- Amygdala
Correct answer: Prefrontal cortex
The prefrontal cortex plays a central role in working memory, planning, and the regulation of attention.
Question 4: The digit span test, commonly used in intelligence assessments, primarily measures:
- Long-term memory capacity
- Processing speed
- Short-term and working memory capacity (Correct answer)
- Verbal reasoning ability
Correct answer: Short-term and working memory capacity
The digit span test assesses how many digits a person can hold and repeat back, reflecting short-term and working memory capacity.
Question 5: What is proactive interference in the context of memory?
- New information interfering with the recall of old information
- Old information interfering with the recall of new information (Correct answer)
- Emotional memories blocking neutral ones
- Attention dividing across two memory tasks
Correct answer: Old information interfering with the recall of new information
Proactive interference occurs when previously learned information disrupts the ability to learn or recall new information.
Question 6: The 'cocktail party effect' is most commonly used to illustrate which cognitive phenomenon?
- Working memory overload
- Selective attention (Correct answer)
- Proactive interference
- Divided attention failure
Correct answer: Selective attention
The cocktail party effect demonstrates selective attention: the ability to focus on one conversation while unconsciously monitoring the environment for relevant stimuli.
Question 7: Research consistently shows that working memory capacity strongly correlates with which cognitive outcome?
- Reaction time only
- General fluid intelligence and academic achievement (Correct answer)
- Long-term memory storage
- Emotional regulation exclusively
Correct answer: General fluid intelligence and academic achievement
Working memory capacity is one of the strongest predictors of fluid intelligence, reasoning ability, and academic performance.
Intelligence Test Memory and Attention 2
The memory technique of grouping individual pieces of information into larger meaningful units is called: