IIN Nutrition Science 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which fatty acid is classified as omega-3 and is found primarily in fatty fish?
- Linoleic acid
- Alpha-linolenic acid
- Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (Correct answer)
- Arachidonic acid
Correct answer: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
EPA is a long-chain omega-3 fatty acid found in fatty fish like salmon and mackerel, and is important for reducing inflammation.
Question 2: What is the primary function of the mineral chromium in the body?
- Bone mineralization
- Oxygen transport in blood
- Enhancing insulin sensitivity (Correct answer)
- Thyroid hormone synthesis
Correct answer: Enhancing insulin sensitivity
Chromium potentiates insulin action, helping regulate blood glucose by improving insulin sensitivity in cells.
Question 3: The glycemic load (GL) of a food differs from glycemic index (GI) in that GL also accounts for:
- The fat content of the food
- The protein content of the food
- The serving size and carbohydrate amount consumed (Correct answer)
- The fiber-to-sugar ratio
Correct answer: The serving size and carbohydrate amount consumed
Glycemic load multiplies the GI by the grams of carbohydrate in a serving and divides by 100, reflecting real-world blood sugar impact.
Question 4: Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation?
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin E
- Vitamin D (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Vitamin D
UVB radiation converts 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin to previtamin D3, which is then converted to active vitamin D.
Question 5: In IIN's Health Coach Training, 'bio-individuality' means:
- Every person has a unique microbiome only
- One person's food can be another person's poison, so dietary needs are individual (Correct answer)
- All people require biological testing before nutrition recommendations
- Genetics fully determine a person's nutritional requirements
Correct answer: One person's food can be another person's poison, so dietary needs are individual
Bio-individuality is the IIN concept that each person has unique dietary needs and what works for one individual may not work for another.
Question 6: Which digestive enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?
- Amylase
- Lipase
- Pepsin (Correct answer)
- Lactase
Correct answer: Pepsin
Pepsin is the primary proteolytic enzyme in the stomach, activated from pepsinogen by stomach acid to cleave peptide bonds.
Question 7: What does the term 'phytochemicals' refer to in nutrition science?
- Essential fatty acids from plant oils
- Bioactive compounds in plants with potential health benefits (Correct answer)
- Plant-based proteins and amino acids
- Carbohydrates found exclusively in vegetables
Correct answer: Bioactive compounds in plants with potential health benefits
Phytochemicals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds in plants — such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids — linked to disease prevention.
IIN Nutrition Science 2
Which fatty acid is classified as omega-3 and is found primarily in fatty fish?