IDAT Logical Reasoning 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A train travels 120 miles in 2 hours. At the same speed, how long will it take to travel 300 miles?
- 3.5 hours
- 4 hours
- 5 hours (Correct answer)
- 6 hours
Correct answer: 5 hours
Speed = 60 mph; time = 300 ÷ 60 = 5 hours.
Question 2: Which pattern completes the analogy? Book : Library :: Painting : ___
- Artist
- Canvas
- Museum (Correct answer)
- Frame
Correct answer: Museum
A library is where books are stored and displayed; a museum is where paintings are stored and displayed.
Question 3: Some athletes are vegetarians. All vegetarians avoid red meat. Which conclusion is valid?
- All athletes avoid red meat
- Some athletes avoid red meat (Correct answer)
- No athletes eat red meat
- All vegetarians are athletes
Correct answer: Some athletes avoid red meat
Since some athletes are vegetarians and all vegetarians avoid red meat, those athletes also avoid red meat.
Question 4: A number is doubled, then 6 is subtracted, giving 18. What was the original number?
- 9
- 10
- 12
- 6 (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 6
Let x be the original; 2x − 6 = 18 → 2x = 24 → x = 12; wait: 2(12)−6=18 ✓, so 12.
Question 5: Which argument contains a logical flaw?
- All mammals breathe air; whales breathe air; therefore whales might be mammals
- No reptiles are warm-blooded; snakes are reptiles; therefore snakes are not warm-blooded
- All squares are rectangles; this shape is a rectangle; therefore this shape is a square (Correct answer)
- Some birds cannot fly; penguins are birds; therefore penguins might not fly
Correct answer: All squares are rectangles; this shape is a rectangle; therefore this shape is a square
This is the fallacy of affirming the consequent — being a rectangle does not guarantee being a square.
Question 6: FAST : SLOW :: EXPAND : ___
- Grow
- Stretch
- Contract (Correct answer)
- Increase
Correct answer: Contract
Fast and slow are antonyms; the antonym of expand is contract.
Question 7: In a row of 10 people, Maria is 4th from the left. What is her position from the right?
- 5th
- 6th
- 7th (Correct answer)
- 8th
Correct answer: 7th
Position from right = (10 − 4 + 1) = 7th.
IDAT Logical Reasoning 3
A train travels 120 miles in 2 hours.
At the same speed, how long will it take to travel 300 miles?