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Networking Models and Protocols Flashcards

7 cards from real ICT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which TCP/IP model layer is responsible for moving bits across the physical medium?

    Answer: Network Access layer

    The Network Access layer (also called Link layer) in the TCP/IP model handles physical transmission and data framing, equivalent to OSI Layers 1 and 2.

  2. Port 443 is associated with which protocol?

    Answer: HTTPS

    HTTPS (HTTP Secure) uses port 443 for encrypted web communication via TLS/SSL.

  3. Which routing protocol is classified as a distance-vector protocol?

    Answer: RIP

    RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a distance-vector protocol that uses hop count as its metric and shares its entire routing table with neighbors.

  4. What is the maximum hop count allowed by RIPv2 before a route is considered unreachable?

    Answer: 15

    RIPv2 has a maximum hop count of 15; a hop count of 16 is considered infinite and marks the route as unreachable.

  5. Which of the following is a link-state routing protocol that uses Dijkstra's algorithm?

    Answer: OSPF

    OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state protocol that builds a complete network topology map and uses Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm.

  6. ICMP is primarily used for which networking function?

    Answer: Sending error messages and diagnostics (e.g., ping)

    ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used for network diagnostics and error reporting, including the ping and traceroute utilities.

  7. Which layer of the OSI model do switches primarily operate at?

    Answer: Layer 2 – Data Link

    Traditional switches operate at the Data Link layer (Layer 2), forwarding frames based on MAC address tables.