IBPS Syllogism and Logical Reasoning 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Statements: All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Conclusions: I. Penguins can fly. II. Some birds are penguins. Which conclusion(s) follow strictly from the given statements?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow (Correct answer)
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Both I and II follow
Given the stated premises (not real-world facts), all birds can fly and penguins are birds, so penguins can fly; converting the second premise gives some birds are penguins.
Question 2: Statements: Some doctors are engineers. All engineers are scientists. Conclusions: I. Some doctors are scientists. II. All scientists are engineers. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows (Correct answer)
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Only I follows
Some doctors are engineers and all engineers are scientists, so some doctors are scientists; reversing 'all engineers are scientists' to 'all scientists are engineers' is invalid.
Question 3: Mohan walks 5 km north, then turns right and walks 3 km, then turns right again and walks 5 km. How far is he from the starting point?
- 3 km (Correct answer)
- 5 km
- 8 km
- 13 km
Correct answer: 3 km
He travels north 5 km, east 3 km, then south 5 km, ending up 3 km east of the start.
Question 4: Statements: All keys are locks. No lock is a chain. Conclusions: I. No key is a chain. II. Some chains are not keys. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow (Correct answer)
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Both I and II follow
All keys are locks and no lock is a chain, so no key is a chain; this further implies some chains are not keys.
Question 5: If the day before yesterday was Thursday, what day will it be three days after tomorrow?
- Wednesday (Correct answer)
- Tuesday
- Thursday
- Monday
Correct answer: Wednesday
Day before yesterday = Thursday means today = Saturday; tomorrow = Sunday; three days after tomorrow = Wednesday.
Question 6: Statements: Some apples are oranges. No orange is a mango. Conclusions: I. Some apples are not mangoes. II. No apple is a mango. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows (Correct answer)
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Only I follows
Some apples are oranges and no orange is a mango, so those apples (that are oranges) are not mangoes, making Conclusion I valid; II is too broad.
Question 7: Statements: All rivers flow into the sea. The Amazon is a river. Conclusions: I. The Amazon flows into the sea. II. The sea contains river water. Which conclusion(s) follow strictly from the stated premises?
- Only I follows (Correct answer)
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Only I follows
Conclusion I follows directly by universal application; Conclusion II requires an additional inference not stated in the premises.
IBPS Syllogism and Logical Reasoning 5
Statements: All birds can fly.
Penguins are birds.
Conclusions: I.
Penguins can fly.
II.
Some birds are penguins.
Which conclusion(s) follow strictly from the given statements?