IBPS Syllogism and Logical Reasoning 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Statements: All politicians are leaders. Some leaders are honest. Conclusions: I. Some politicians are honest. II. Some honest people are leaders. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows (Correct answer)
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Only II follows
The middle term 'leaders' is undistributed in both premises so Conclusion I is invalid; Conclusion II is a valid conversion of the second premise.
Question 2: Pointing to a photograph, Raj says, 'She is the daughter of my grandfather's only son.' How is the girl related to Raj?
- Sister (Correct answer)
- Cousin
- Niece
- Daughter
Correct answer: Sister
My grandfather's only son is my father, so his daughter is Raj's sister.
Question 3: Statements: No clouds are rains. Some rains are floods. Conclusions: I. Some floods are not clouds. II. No rain is a cloud. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow (Correct answer)
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Both I and II follow
Conversion of 'No clouds are rains' gives 'No rain is a cloud'; some rains are floods and no rain is a cloud means some floods are not clouds.
Question 4: If 'A + B' means A is mother of B, 'A – B' means A is brother of B, and 'A × B' means A is father of B, what does P × Q + R mean?
- P is grandfather of R (Correct answer)
- P is father of R
- Q is mother of R
- P is uncle of R
Correct answer: P is grandfather of R
P × Q means P is father of Q; Q + R means Q is mother of R; so P is the grandfather of R.
Question 5: Statements: All teachers are graduates. All graduates are educated. Conclusions: I. All teachers are educated. II. Some educated people are teachers. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow (Correct answer)
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Both I and II follow
Chaining both universals gives all teachers are educated; converting this gives some educated are teachers.
Question 6: In a row of 40 students, Priya is 15th from the left. What is her position from the right?
- 25th
- 26th (Correct answer)
- 27th
- 24th
Correct answer: 26th
Position from right = (Total + 1) – position from left = 41 – 15 = 26th.
Question 7: Statements: Some trains are buses. No bus is a truck. Conclusions: I. Some trains are not trucks. II. All trains are trucks. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows (Correct answer)
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Only I follows
Some trains are buses, and no bus is a truck, so those trains (which are buses) are not trucks, making 'some trains are not trucks' valid.
IBPS Syllogism and Logical Reasoning 3
Statements: All politicians are leaders.
Some leaders are honest.
Conclusions: I.
Some politicians are honest.
II.
Some honest people are leaders.
Which conclusion(s) follow?