IBPS Syllogism and Logical Reasoning 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Statements: All roses are flowers. Some flowers are red. Conclusions: I. Some roses are red. II. All flowers are roses. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Neither I nor II follows
Some flowers are red does not mean some roses are red; 'All flowers are roses' reverses a one-way statement, so neither conclusion follows.
Question 2: Statements: No pen is a pencil. All pencils are stationery. Conclusions: I. No pen is stationery. II. Some stationery are not pens. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows (Correct answer)
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Only II follows
We can only confirm that the pencils (a subset of stationery) are not pens, so some stationery are not pens; we cannot say NO pen is stationery.
Question 3: Statements: All cats are animals. All dogs are animals. Conclusions: I. All cats are dogs. II. Some animals are cats. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows (Correct answer)
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Only II follows
Both cats and dogs being animals does not link cats to dogs, but conversion of 'All cats are animals' gives 'Some animals are cats.'
Question 4: Statements: Some books are novels. All novels are fiction. Conclusions: I. Some books are fiction. II. All fiction are novels. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows (Correct answer)
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Only I follows
Some books are novels and all novels are fiction, so some books are fiction; reversing 'All novels are fiction' is invalid.
Question 5: In a coded language, BANK is written as YZMW. What is LOAN coded as?
- OLZM (Correct answer)
- OLAM
- OLZN
- NOLZ
Correct answer: OLZM
Each letter is replaced by its mirror opposite (A↔Z, B↔Y, …), so L→O, O→L, A→Z, N→M giving OLZM.
Question 6: Statements: All tables are furniture. No furniture is wood. Conclusions: I. No table is wood. II. Some furniture are tables. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow (Correct answer)
- Neither I nor II follows
Correct answer: Both I and II follow
All tables are furniture and no furniture is wood gives no table is wood; conversion of the first statement gives some furniture are tables.
Question 7: Statements: Some mangoes are fruits. Some fruits are sweet. Conclusions: I. Some mangoes are sweet. II. All fruits are mangoes. Which conclusion(s) follow?
- Only I follows
- Only II follows
- Both I and II follow
- Neither I nor II follows (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Neither I nor II follows
Two particular affirmative statements cannot yield any definite conclusion, and reversing the second statement is invalid.
IBPS Syllogism and Logical Reasoning 2
Statements: All roses are flowers.
Some flowers are red.
Conclusions: I.
Some roses are red.
II.
All flowers are roses.
Which conclusion(s) follow?