Constitutional Law and Civil Rights Flashcards
7 cards from real IAS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Constitutional Law and Civil Rights flashcards as text
Which constitutional amendment protects citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures by law enforcement?
Answer: Fourth Amendment
The Fourth Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and requires probable cause for warrants.
Under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, who can be held liable for violating a person's constitutional rights under color of law?
Answer: State actors including law enforcement officers
Section 1983 allows individuals to sue state actors, including police officers, who violate constitutional rights while acting under color of state law.
The Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination is most directly relevant to Internal Affairs investigations when:
Answer: An officer is compelled to give a statement that could lead to criminal prosecution
The Fifth Amendment protects individuals from being compelled to provide testimony that could be used against them in a criminal proceeding.
The Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause requires that before a government employee is deprived of a property interest in their job, they must receive:
Answer: Notice and an opportunity to be heard
Procedural due process under the Fourteenth Amendment mandates notice and a meaningful opportunity to be heard before deprivation of a protected property interest.
Which Supreme Court case established that police must inform suspects of their right to remain silent and right to an attorney before custodial interrogation?
Answer: Miranda v. Arizona
Miranda v. Arizona (1966) established that suspects must be informed of their Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights before custodial interrogation.
In Internal Affairs investigations, 'deliberate indifference' by a municipality can result in civil rights liability when:
Answer: A department fails to train officers on constitutional use of force requirements
Under Monell v. Department of Social Services, municipalities can be liable under § 1983 when deliberate indifference to training needs results in constitutional violations.
The exclusionary rule, established in Mapp v. Ohio, prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in court primarily to:
Answer: Deter future constitutional violations by law enforcement
The primary purpose of the exclusionary rule is deterrence—discouraging law enforcement from conducting unconstitutional searches and seizures.