HSRT Patient Care 2

Question 1

A nurse enters a patient's room and finds the patient has fallen out of bed. The patient is conscious and reports hip pain. Which action should the nurse prioritize FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Assess the patient's airway, breathing, circulation, and level of consciousness before moving them

Answer

Immediately help the patient back into bed to prevent further discomfort

Answer

Call the patient's family member to notify them of the fall

Answer

Document the fall in the incident report before any clinical assessment

Question 2

A patient with diabetes asks a healthcare provider: 'What is my blood sugar result?' The provider notices the result is 380 mg/dL but hesitates to share the result. What principle of patient care is MOST relevant?

Accepted Answer

Transparency and informed consent — patients have the right to know their own clinical data

Answer

Beneficence — withholding distressing information may protect the patient

Answer

Non-maleficence — sharing a high blood sugar may cause psychological harm

Answer

Fidelity — the provider must be loyal to the physician's interpretation first

Question 3

A healthcare worker is about to administer a blood transfusion. Before starting the transfusion, which verification step is MOST critical for patient safety?

Accepted Answer

Confirm two patient identifiers and match them to the blood product label at the bedside with a second licensed professional

Answer

Check the patient's allergy list for penicillin reactions before transfusing

Answer

Verify the transfusion order with the blood bank over the phone

Answer

Ensure the IV access is patent before checking patient identification

Question 4

A 72-year-old patient post-hip replacement reports severe pain (9/10) 6 hours after the last analgesic dose. The pain medication is ordered PRN (as needed). The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

Assess the pain thoroughly, administer the PRN medication per protocol, and reassess for effectiveness within 30–60 minutes

Answer

Wait until the patient's next scheduled vital sign check to address the pain report

Answer

Contact the physician before administering any PRN medication

Answer

Advise the patient that severe pain is expected after hip replacement

Question 5

During morning medication rounds, a nurse realizes she administered Medication A to Patient X but then discovers the medication was prescribed for Patient Y (same room, adjacent bed). Which action should occur IMMEDIATELY?

Accepted Answer

Assess Patient X for any adverse effects from Medication A and notify the prescribing physician immediately

Answer

Document the error in the chart and proceed with rounds

Answer

Notify the pharmacy to cancel the dispensing

Answer

Administer the correct medication to Patient Y before reporting the error

Question 6

A hospice nurse visits a terminally ill patient at home who says: 'I want to stop taking all my medications.' The nurse's MOST appropriate response reflects which patient care principle?

Accepted Answer

Respect for patient autonomy — the competent patient's right to refuse treatment must be honored, with support for comfort-focused care

Answer

Beneficence — the nurse should convince the patient to continue medications for their own benefit

Answer

Non-maleficence — stopping medications may cause harm, so the nurse must prevent this decision

Answer

Justice — discontinuing medications is unfair to the family who wants treatment continued