Speed and Following Distance Flashcards

On the Hazard Perception Test, which scenario best illustrates a speed-related hazard in a residential area?

Answer: Approaching a blind bend at 35 mph in a 25 mph zone near parked cars

Exceeding the speed limit on a residential blind bend with parked cars dramatically reduces the ability to react to pedestrians or vehicles emerging unexpectedly.

What is the primary reason drivers are advised to reduce speed before entering a curve?

Answer: Speed in a curve increases the risk of skidding and losing control

Lateral forces in a curve increase with speed; if traction is exceeded, the vehicle will skid outward, making steering control impossible.

A driver is traveling at 55 mph on a highway. Traffic ahead suddenly slows to 5 mph. The driver has a 2-second following distance. Which statement is most accurate?

Answer: The following distance is likely insufficient for this speed differential and a crash is probable

At 55 mph, a 2-second gap equates to about 160 feet, which is inadequate to safely stop given the dramatic speed differential; a 4-second or greater gap is recommended at highway speeds.

During the HPT, a clip shows a driver following closely behind a van on a narrow road. Why is this considered a high-risk hazard?

Answer: The van blocks the driver's view of hazards ahead and reduces reaction time

A van's height and width block the driver's forward sightline, meaning any hazard in front of the van will only become visible at a dangerously close range.

When should a driver use the 4-second following rule instead of the 2-second rule?

Answer: In adverse conditions such as rain, fog, or when following a large vehicle

Adverse conditions reduce braking efficiency and visibility, requiring a larger gap to maintain the same safety margin as the 2-second rule provides in ideal conditions.

In a hazard perception scenario, a driver is traveling too fast for the posted advisory speed on a freeway on-ramp. The most likely hazard is:

Answer: The vehicle drifting wide in the curve and into adjacent lanes or the barrier

Advisory speeds on curves are set based on safe cornering limits; exceeding them risks understeer or oversteer, causing the vehicle to leave its lane.

Which of the following best describes 'tailgating' as a hazard in the HPT context?

Answer: Following another vehicle so closely that there is insufficient distance to stop safely if it brakes

Tailgating eliminates the buffer needed to react and brake, turning any sudden deceleration by the lead vehicle into a near-certain rear-end collision.