HPAT Numerical Reasoning and Data Analysis 3

Question 1

A scatter plot shows BMI on the x-axis and fasting blood glucose on the y-axis, with data points clustering along an upward-sloping line. Which conclusion is best supported?

Accepted Answer

Higher BMI is associated with higher fasting blood glucose

Answer

Higher BMI directly causes higher blood glucose

Answer

Blood glucose levels determine a person's BMI

Answer

The relationship between BMI and blood glucose is random

Question 2

Emergency department wait times (minutes) for 10 patients: 10, 22, 8, 45, 12, 18, 35, 9, 25, 16. What is the median wait time?

Accepted Answer

17 min

Answer

16 min

Answer

18 min

Answer

20 min

Question 3

A hospital budget of $2.5 million is allocated as follows: Personnel 45%, Equipment 25%, Medications 18%, Administration 12%. How much is allocated to medications?

Accepted Answer

$450,000

Answer

$350,000

Answer

$400,000

Answer

$500,000

Question 4

A clinical trial reports a 95% confidence interval of (1.8 days, 3.6 days) for reduction in hospital stay. Which interpretation is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

We are 95% confident the true mean reduction lies between 1.8 and 3.6 days

Answer

Every patient will experience a reduction of exactly 2.7 days

Answer

The drug is ineffective if any patient's reduction falls outside this range

Answer

Results are not significant because the confidence interval is wide

Question 5

In a cohort study, 200 patients with high cholesterol and 800 without are followed for 5 years. 40 in the high-cholesterol group and 40 in the normal group develop heart disease. What is the risk ratio for heart disease among those with high cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

4.0

Answer

2.0

Answer

3.0

Answer

5.0

Question 6

Experimental group: mean improvement = 8.2, SD = 2.1, n = 50. Control group: mean improvement = 6.5, SD = 1.9, n = 50. Which change would MOST increase confidence that this difference is statistically significant?

Accepted Answer

Increasing sample size in both groups

Answer

Increasing standard deviation in both groups

Answer

Decreasing the mean improvement in the experimental group

Answer

Reducing the number of variables measured

Question 7

Three hospitals report infection rates: Hospital A (10,000 patients): 2.1%, Hospital B (5,000 patients): 3.4%, Hospital C (8,000 patients): 1.8%. What is the overall weighted average infection rate?

Accepted Answer

2.3%

Answer

2.4%

Answer

2.5%

Answer

2.1%