HOAE Nutrition 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A deficiency of Vitamin C leads to which condition?
- Rickets
- Pellagra
- Scurvy (Correct answer)
- Beriberi
Correct answer: Scurvy
Scurvy results from Vitamin C deficiency and is characterized by bleeding gums, poor wound healing, and weakness.
Question 2: Which nutrient is most important for bone health alongside Vitamin D?
- Sodium
- Calcium (Correct answer)
- Phosphorus
- Magnesium
Correct answer: Calcium
Calcium is the primary mineral in bones and teeth, and Vitamin D is required for proper calcium absorption in the intestines.
Question 3: What is the recommended daily water intake for an average adult?
- About 1 liter (4 cups)
- About 2 liters (8 cups) (Correct answer)
- About 4 liters (16 cups)
- About 5 liters (20 cups)
Correct answer: About 2 liters (8 cups)
General guidelines recommend approximately 2 liters (about 8 cups) of water per day for average adults, though needs vary.
Question 4: Which B vitamin deficiency is associated with neural tube defects in newborns?
- Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
- Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
- Vitamin B9 (Folate) (Correct answer)
- Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Correct answer: Vitamin B9 (Folate)
Folate (Vitamin B9) deficiency during early pregnancy is strongly linked to neural tube defects such as spina bifida.
Question 5: Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin A (Correct answer)
- Vitamin B6
Correct answer: Vitamin A
Vitamin A is fat-soluble along with vitamins D, E, and K; it is stored in fatty tissue and the liver rather than excreted daily.
Question 6: Fiber in the diet primarily benefits which body system?
- Cardiovascular system
- Digestive system (Correct answer)
- Nervous system
- Endocrine system
Correct answer: Digestive system
Dietary fiber promotes healthy digestion, prevents constipation, feeds beneficial gut bacteria, and reduces risk of colon disease.
Question 7: Which electrolyte is critically important for maintaining fluid balance and blood pressure?
- Calcium
- Iron
- Sodium (Correct answer)
- Zinc
Correct answer: Sodium
Sodium plays a major role in regulating fluid balance, blood volume, and blood pressure by controlling osmosis across cell membranes.
HOAE Nutrition 2
A deficiency of Vitamin C leads to which condition?