Hernia Types of Hernias 2

Question 1

What distinguishes a direct inguinal hernia from an indirect inguinal hernia?

Accepted Answer

Indirect passes through the internal ring; direct protrudes through the posterior wall of the inguinal canal

Answer

An indirect inguinal hernia passes through the internal inguinal ring, while a direct hernia protrudes through Hesselbach's triangle in the posterior canal wall.

Question 2

A sliding hiatal hernia means that part of the stomach slides through the hiatus. What is the other major type of hiatal hernia?

Accepted Answer

Rolling (paraesophageal) hernia

Answer

The paraesophageal (rolling) hiatal hernia occurs when the stomach fundus rolls up alongside the esophagus into the chest.

Question 3

Which hernia involves only part of the bowel wall circumference becoming trapped, often without bowel obstruction?

Accepted Answer

Richter hernia

Answer

A Richter hernia involves only the antimesenteric wall of the bowel, so obstruction may be absent but strangulation risk is high.

Question 4

An obturator hernia passes through which opening?

Accepted Answer

Obturator foramen

Answer

An obturator hernia protrudes through the obturator foramen in the pelvis and is most common in elderly, thin women.

Question 5

Lumbar hernias typically occur through which two regions?

Accepted Answer

Petit's triangle and Grynfeltt-Lesshaft triangle

Answer

Lumbar hernias emerge through either Petit's inferior lumbar triangle or the Grynfeltt-Lesshaft superior lumbar triangle.

Hernia Practice Test

Hernia Practice Test

Hernia Types of Hernias 2