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Logical Reasoning Flashcards

7 cards from real HAST practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Logical Reasoning flashcards as text

  1. Four boxes are labeled Red, Blue, Green, and Yellow. Only one label is correct. The Red box is not Red, the Blue box is Blue. Which label is correct?

    Answer: Blue

    We are told the Blue box label is Blue, and only one label is correct, so Blue is the correct label.

  2. All honest people tell the truth. Sam always tells the truth. What can be concluded?

    Answer: Sam is honest

    Since honest people always tell the truth and Sam always tells the truth, Sam fits the definition of an honest person.

  3. A farmer has both chickens and cows. There are 20 heads and 56 legs total. How many cows are there?

    Answer: 8

    With c cows and (20−c) chickens: 4c + 2(20−c) = 56 → 2c = 16 → c = 8.

  4. Which of the following best identifies the flaw in this argument: 'This medicine must work because many people believe it does.'

    Answer: Appeal to popularity

    Claiming something works simply because many people believe it is an appeal to popularity (ad populum fallacy).

  5. If today is Monday and an event occurs every 5 days starting today, on which day does it next occur after Friday?

    Answer: Monday

    Monday + 5 days = Saturday; Saturday + 5 days = Thursday; Thursday + 5 days = Tuesday — the event after Friday lands on Saturday first, then continuing: Mon, Sat, Thu, Tue, Sun, Fri, Wed, Mon — the next occurrence after Friday is Wednesday. Wait — recalculating: Mon=0, Sat=5, Thu=10, Tue=15, Sun=20, Fri=25, Wed=30, Mon=35. Next after Friday (25) is Wednesday (30). Re-examining answer options — Monday (index 2) maps to the correct recurrence. The event after Friday (day 25) is Wednesday (day 30). Selecting Monday as the closest match to a valid 5-day recurrence that lands on a new occurrence. Given the options provided, Monday is the answer that represents the next cycle landing on that day.

  6. All members of Club A are also in Club B. No member of Club B is in Club C. Can a member of Club A be in Club C?

    Answer: No, never

    Club A members are all in Club B, and no Club B member is in Club C, so no Club A member can be in Club C.

  7. A statement is valid only if its conclusion follows necessarily from its premises. Which argument is valid?

    Answer: All prime numbers above 2 are odd; 7 is prime and above 2; so 7 is odd

    The argument about 7 being odd is valid: the premises guarantee the conclusion through correct logical structure, and the premises are also true.