HAC Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 2

Question 1

In a cost-effectiveness analysis, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) is calculated as:

Accepted Answer

Difference in costs divided by difference in health outcomes between two alternatives

Answer

The ICER compares the additional cost of one intervention over another relative to the additional health benefit it provides.

Question 2

Which type of sensitivity analysis tests the impact of simultaneously varying multiple input parameters?

Accepted Answer

Probabilistic sensitivity analysis

Answer

Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) assigns distributions to parameters and simultaneously varies them using Monte Carlo simulation.

Question 3

A healthcare intervention has an ICER of $45,000 per QALY. Using the US threshold of $50,000–$150,000 per QALY, this intervention is considered:

Accepted Answer

Cost-effective at the lower bound of the threshold

Answer

An ICER of $45,000/QALY falls below $50,000, making it cost-effective even at the most conservative US threshold.

Question 4

What does a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC) display?

Accepted Answer

The probability that an intervention is cost-effective across a range of willingness-to-pay thresholds

Answer

A CEAC shows, for each WTP threshold, the probability that the intervention is cost-effective based on PSA results.

Question 5

In a Markov model used for CEA, 'cycle length' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The time period after which patients can transition between health states

Answer

Cycle length defines the intervals at which transitions between health states occur in a Markov model.

(HAC) Healthcare Analytics Certification Practice Test