Patient Outcome Measurement Flashcards
7 cards from real HAC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Patient Outcome Measurement flashcards as text
The Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) primarily measures which type of patient outcome?
Answer: Patient experience and satisfaction with care
HCAHPS is a standardized survey that measures patients' perceptions of their hospital experience, including communication, responsiveness, and overall rating.
Which statistical technique is used to identify distinct subgroups of patients with similar outcome trajectories over time?
Answer: Latent class growth analysis (LCGA)
LCGA identifies unobserved subgroups of patients who follow similar longitudinal outcome patterns, enabling targeted intervention strategies.
What is the primary purpose of 'propensity score matching' in observational patient outcome studies?
Answer: To reduce confounding by balancing treatment and control groups on observed covariates
Propensity score matching creates comparable treatment and control groups by matching patients on their probability of receiving treatment, reducing selection bias.
In outcome measurement, 'structural validity' refers to whether:
Answer: The instrument's factor structure reflects the intended theoretical construct
Structural validity (assessed via confirmatory factor analysis) examines whether the relationships among instrument items match the hypothesized construct dimensions.
Which quality framework uses outcomes such as mortality, complications, and functional status as key performance indicators at the health system level?
Answer: Donabedian's Structure-Process-Outcome model
Donabedian's model classifies healthcare quality into structure (resources), process (care delivery), and outcomes (results for patients), making it foundational for outcome measurement.
A hospital system tracking population health outcomes uses 'years of potential life lost' (YPLL). This metric primarily emphasizes:
Answer: Premature mortality in younger age groups
YPLL quantifies the impact of premature death by summing years individuals would have lived had they not died before a reference age, highlighting preventable mortality.
When evaluating patient outcome data collected via EHR extraction, which data quality issue most commonly threatens validity?
Answer: Inconsistent clinical documentation and coding practices across providers
EHR-extracted outcome data suffers most from variation in how clinicians document and code conditions, creating systematic misclassification of outcomes.