Healthcare Analytics Predictive Analytics & Trends Flashcards
7 cards from real HAC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Healthcare Analytics Predictive Analytics & Trends flashcards as text
Which evaluation metric is most appropriate for a predictive model identifying rare hospital-acquired infections where false negatives are especially costly?
Answer: Recall (Sensitivity)
Recall maximizes detection of true positive cases, minimizing false negatives, which is critical when missing an infection has severe consequences.
A healthcare organization wants to forecast ICU bed demand 30 days in advance. Which modeling approach is best suited for this time-series forecasting task?
Answer: ARIMA
ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) is specifically designed for time-series forecasting, capturing temporal patterns in sequential data.
What does the term 'data drift' mean in the context of deployed predictive models in healthcare?
Answer: A shift in the statistical properties of input data over time
Data drift occurs when the statistical distribution of model input data changes over time, causing model performance to degrade.
Which technique is used to identify which features most influence a predictive model's output, improving interpretability in clinical settings?
Answer: SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)
SHAP values quantify each feature's contribution to individual predictions, making complex models more interpretable to clinicians.
A predictive readmission model trained on data from urban hospitals is deployed in a rural hospital and performs poorly. This is an example of:
Answer: Generalizability failure
Generalizability failure occurs when a model trained on one population performs poorly on a different population with distinct characteristics.
In predictive analytics, what is the purpose of a validation dataset distinct from the test dataset?
Answer: To tune hyperparameters without leaking test data information
The validation set is used during model development to tune hyperparameters, keeping the test set untouched to provide an unbiased final evaluation.
Which emerging trend involves using natural language processing to extract structured clinical information from physician notes for predictive modeling?
Answer: Clinical NLP / text mining
Clinical NLP extracts structured data such as diagnoses, medications, and symptoms from unstructured physician notes to enrich predictive models.