Gym Trainer Anatomy & Physiology 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which muscle is the primary mover during a barbell squat?
- Quadriceps (Correct answer)
- Hamstrings
- Glutes
- Calves
Correct answer: Quadriceps
The quadriceps are the primary movers during the ascending phase of a barbell squat.
Question 2: What is the term for the ability of a muscle to exert force through its full range of motion?
- Functional strength (Correct answer)
- Absolute strength
- Relative strength
- Isometric strength
Correct answer: Functional strength
Functional strength refers to a muscle's ability to produce force throughout its complete range of motion.
Question 3: Which energy system is primarily used during a 10-second all-out sprint?
- ATP-PCr system (Correct answer)
- Glycolytic system
- Oxidative system
- Lactate system
Correct answer: ATP-PCr system
The ATP-PCr (phosphocreatine) system provides immediate energy for maximal efforts lasting under 10 seconds.
Question 4: The biceps brachii performs which two primary joint actions?
- Elbow flexion and forearm supination (Correct answer)
- Elbow flexion and forearm pronation
- Elbow extension and shoulder flexion
- Shoulder abduction and elbow flexion
Correct answer: Elbow flexion and forearm supination
The biceps brachii flexes the elbow and supinates the forearm due to its attachment at the radius.
Question 5: Which term describes the phase of a muscle contraction where the muscle lengthens under load?
- Eccentric (Correct answer)
- Concentric
- Isometric
- Isokinetic
Correct answer: Eccentric
Eccentric contraction occurs when a muscle produces force while lengthening, such as lowering a weight.
Question 6: The rotator cuff is composed of how many muscles?
- 4 (Correct answer)
- 3
- 5
- 2
Correct answer: 4
The rotator cuff consists of four muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis.
Gym Trainer Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which muscle is the primary mover during a barbell squat?