GLA Student Learning and Development 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A second-grade student who reads fluently but struggles to answer comprehension questions most likely has difficulty with:
- Phonemic awareness
- Decoding
- Reading comprehension (Correct answer)
- Phonics
Correct answer: Reading comprehension
When a student can decode words accurately but cannot understand what they read, the deficit lies in reading comprehension, not decoding.
Question 2: Which of the following best describes differentiated instruction?
- Teaching every student the same content in the same way
- Modifying content, process, or product based on student readiness, interest, and learning profile (Correct answer)
- Separating students into fixed ability groups for all subjects
- Assigning more homework to advanced students
Correct answer: Modifying content, process, or product based on student readiness, interest, and learning profile
Differentiated instruction involves adjusting content, process, and product to meet the diverse needs of learners.
Question 3: Erik Erikson's stage of 'Industry vs. Inferiority' typically corresponds to which age range?
- Birth to 18 months
- Ages 3–5
- Ages 6–12 (school age) (Correct answer)
- Adolescence
Correct answer: Ages 6–12 (school age)
During the school-age years (6–12), children develop a sense of competence through mastering skills or experience inferiority if they feel inadequate.
Question 4: A teacher wants to promote metacognition in students. Which activity best achieves this?
- Giving students a multiple-choice test
- Having students memorize key vocabulary
- Having students write reflections on their own learning strategies (Correct answer)
- Lecturing on effective study skills
Correct answer: Having students write reflections on their own learning strategies
Metacognition is thinking about one's own thinking; asking students to reflect on their learning strategies directly develops this skill.
Question 5: Which accommodation is most appropriate for a student with a processing speed deficit on a timed exam?
- Reducing the number of test questions
- Providing extended time (Correct answer)
- Allowing open-book testing
- Giving the exam orally
Correct answer: Providing extended time
Extended time directly compensates for processing speed deficits by allowing more time to complete the same work without reducing content demands.
Question 6: Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?
- A student studies hard to earn a sticker
- A student reads a book because they find the topic fascinating (Correct answer)
- A student completes homework to avoid losing recess
- A student participates in class to impress the teacher
Correct answer: A student reads a book because they find the topic fascinating
Intrinsic motivation comes from internal satisfaction or genuine interest in the activity itself, not external rewards or consequences.
Question 7: A student with ADHD frequently loses focus during long independent work periods. The most effective classroom strategy is to:
- Excuse the student from the assignment
- Break tasks into shorter segments with brief breaks (Correct answer)
- Seat the student in the back of the room
- Allow the student to work only during lunch
Correct answer: Break tasks into shorter segments with brief breaks
Breaking tasks into smaller chunks with movement or rest breaks helps students with ADHD sustain attention across longer work periods.
GLA Student Learning and Development 3
A second-grade student who reads fluently but struggles to answer comprehension questions most likely has difficulty with: