GI Medical Terminology & Anatomy 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What does the prefix 'hepato-' refer to in medical terminology?
- Stomach
- Liver (Correct answer)
- Kidney
- Spleen
Correct answer: Liver
The prefix 'hepato-' derives from the Greek 'hepar' and always refers to the liver.
Question 2: Which anatomical structure connects the pharynx to the stomach?
- Trachea
- Duodenum
- Esophagus (Correct answer)
- Jejunum
Correct answer: Esophagus
The esophagus is the muscular tube that propels food from the pharynx down to the stomach via peristalsis.
Question 3: The term 'cholecyst-' refers to which organ?
- Common bile duct
- Gallbladder (Correct answer)
- Pancreas
- Liver
Correct answer: Gallbladder
'Cholecyst-' comes from Greek 'chole' (bile) + 'kystis' (bladder), specifically referring to the gallbladder.
Question 4: What is the correct anatomical term for the inner lining of the gastrointestinal tract?
- Serosa
- Muscularis
- Submucosa
- Mucosa (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Mucosa
The mucosa is the innermost layer of the GI wall, in direct contact with the luminal contents.
Question 5: The suffix '-plasty' in a GI surgical term such as 'gastroplasty' means:
- Removal of
- Visual examination of
- Surgical repair or reshaping of (Correct answer)
- Creation of an opening in
Correct answer: Surgical repair or reshaping of
'-plasty' denotes surgical repair or reconstruction of a structure, as in gastroplasty (stomach reshaping).
Question 6: Where is the ileocecal valve located?
- Junction of the duodenum and jejunum
- Junction of the jejunum and ileum
- Junction of the ileum and cecum (Correct answer)
- Junction of the cecum and ascending colon
Correct answer: Junction of the ileum and cecum
The ileocecal valve sits at the junction of the ileum (small intestine) and cecum (large intestine), controlling flow between them.
Question 7: The medical term 'dysphagia' most accurately describes:
- Difficulty swallowing (Correct answer)
- Painful urination
- Difficulty breathing
- Abnormal digestion
Correct answer: Difficulty swallowing
Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing, derived from 'dys-' (difficult) + 'phagein' (to eat/swallow).
GI Medical Terminology & Anatomy 2
What does the prefix 'hepato-' refer to in medical terminology?