GI GI Surgery and Interventional Procedures

Question 1

The Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy) removes which structures?

Accepted Answer

Head of pancreas, duodenum, gallbladder, and distal common bile duct

Answer

Pancreatic tail, spleen, and left colon

Answer

Entire pancreas, stomach, and duodenum

Answer

Distal pancreas and stomach only

Question 2

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) achieves weight loss primarily through which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Restriction and hormonal changes (reduced ghrelin, altered GLP-1/PYY) with mild malabsorption

Answer

Pure malabsorption by bypassing 80% of the small intestine

Answer

Increased gastric acid production accelerating emptying

Answer

Vagal nerve transection causing anorexia

Question 3

The most dreaded early complication of esophagectomy is anastomotic leak; what is the preferred initial management of a cervical anastomotic leak?

Accepted Answer

Broad-spectrum antibiotics and opening of the neck wound for drainage

Answer

Immediate return to the operating room for surgical repair

Answer

Endoscopic stent placement only

Answer

Observation with NPO status alone

Question 4

A Hartmann's procedure involves which surgical steps?

Accepted Answer

Sigmoid resection with end colostomy and closure of the rectal stump

Answer

Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis

Answer

Anterior resection with primary anastomosis

Answer

Abdominoperineal resection with permanent colostomy

Question 5

Endoscopic band ligation is the preferred endoscopic treatment for acute bleeding from which source?

Accepted Answer

Esophageal variceal bleeding

Answer

Peptic ulcer bleeding

Answer

Dieulafoy's lesion

Answer

Mallory-Weiss tear

Question 6

Which procedure is performed for refractory ascites in cirrhosis when patients fail repeated large-volume paracentesis?

Accepted Answer

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)

Answer

Peritoneal dialysis catheter placement

Answer

Splenectomy

Answer

Hepatic artery embolization