GI GI Disorders and Diseases 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following best characterizes Crohn's disease compared to ulcerative colitis?
- Involves only the rectum and sigmoid colon
- Causes continuous mucosal inflammation from rectum proximally
- Can affect any segment of the GI tract with skip lesions (Correct answer)
- Never causes fistulas or strictures
Correct answer: Can affect any segment of the GI tract with skip lesions
Crohn's disease is a transmural inflammation that can involve any part of the GI tract from mouth to anus with characteristic skip lesions.
Question 2: A patient with celiac disease who ingests gluten will show damage primarily to which intestinal structure?
- Brunner's glands
- Crypts of Lieberkühn
- Intestinal villi (Correct answer)
- Peyer's patches
Correct answer: Intestinal villi
Celiac disease causes immune-mediated villous atrophy in the small intestine, reducing absorptive surface area and leading to malabsorption.
Question 3: Zenker's diverticulum is a pulsion diverticulum that forms at which location?
- Duodenum
- Midesophagus
- Pharyngoesophageal junction (Killian's triangle) (Correct answer)
- Sigmoid colon
Correct answer: Pharyngoesophageal junction (Killian's triangle)
Zenker's diverticulum protrudes posteriorly through Killian's triangle between the thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus muscles.
Question 4: Which condition is associated with the triad of esophageal dysmotility, esophageal dilatation, and failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax?
- GERD
- Achalasia (Correct answer)
- Diffuse esophageal spasm
- Eosinophilic esophagitis
Correct answer: Achalasia
Achalasia is caused by degeneration of myenteric plexus neurons, leading to impaired LES relaxation and aperistalsis of the esophageal body.
Question 5: Helicobacter pylori infection is most strongly associated with ulcers in which location?
- Esophagus
- Gastric fundus
- Duodenal bulb (first part of duodenum) (Correct answer)
- Jejunum
Correct answer: Duodenal bulb (first part of duodenum)
H. pylori colonizes the gastric antrum and is the leading cause of duodenal ulcers, especially in the duodenal bulb.
Question 6: Which is the most common site for colorectal carcinoma in the United States?
- Cecum
- Transverse colon
- Descending colon
- Rectosigmoid region (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Rectosigmoid region
The rectosigmoid region accounts for approximately 55% of all colorectal cancers in the United States.
GI GI Disorders and Diseases 1
Which of the following best characterizes Crohn's disease compared to ulcerative colitis?