Fundamental Scientific Principles Flashcards
7 cards from real General practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Fundamental Scientific Principles flashcards as text
What is the relationship described by Ohm's Law?
Answer: Voltage equals current multiplied by resistance
Ohm's Law states V = IR, meaning voltage equals current (amperes) times resistance (ohms).
Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?
Answer: Mitochondrion
Mitochondria generate most of the cell's ATP via oxidative phosphorylation during cellular respiration.
According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, what always increases in an isolated system?
Answer: Entropy
The Second Law states that entropy (disorder) of an isolated system tends to increase over time.
What is the process by which a solid transforms directly into a gas without passing through a liquid phase?
Answer: Sublimation
Sublimation is the direct phase transition from solid to gas, as seen with dry ice (solid CO₂) at room temperature.
Which scientist formulated the law of universal gravitation?
Answer: Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton formulated the law of universal gravitation in 1687, describing the attractive force between any two masses.
What is the atomic number of an element?
Answer: Number of protons in the nucleus
The atomic number equals the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, uniquely identifying each element.
Which wave property determines the pitch of a sound?
Answer: Frequency
The frequency of a sound wave — measured in hertz — determines its perceived pitch; higher frequency means higher pitch.