GED Learning Theories & Psychology 2

Question 1

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is:

Accepted Answer

The gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with guidance

Answer

The level of tasks a student can complete independently

Answer

A physical zone in the classroom for collaborative work

Answer

The maximum level of complexity a student can ever reach

Question 2

B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory suggests that behavior is shaped primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Consequences — reinforcement strengthens behavior; punishment weakens it

Answer

Unconscious motivations from early childhood

Answer

Cognitive schemas and mental models

Answer

Innate biological drives

Question 3

Piaget's concept of 'assimilation' means:

Accepted Answer

Fitting new information into an existing mental schema without changing the schema

Answer

Changing an existing mental schema to accommodate new information

Answer

The process of moving from one cognitive stage to another

Answer

Returning to earlier cognitive behaviors under stress

Question 4

Which learning theory emphasizes that learners actively construct knowledge through experience rather than passively receiving information?

Accepted Answer

Constructivism

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Nativism

Answer

Cognitivism

Question 5

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs suggests that students cannot focus on learning until:

Accepted Answer

Their more basic physiological and safety needs are met

Answer

They have reached abstract thinking capability

Answer

They have achieved self-actualization

Answer

They have completed all prior grade-level standards

Question 6

Albert Bandura's social learning theory highlights the importance of:

Accepted Answer

Observational learning and modeling

Answer

Classical conditioning through paired stimuli

Answer

Schema development through individual exploration

Answer

Punishment as the primary behavior modification tool