GCOR Cheat Sheet 2026

The 30 highest-yield GCOR facts, distilled from real exam questions. Print it, save it as a PDF, or study it here — free, no sign-up.

1. Who is responsible for the safety of their train and observance of the rules? → The conductor and engineer
2. Under GCOR, what must be done before a train movement resumes following an emergency stop? → An inspection must be made and the cause of the emergency must be determined
3. According to GCOR, when must a locomotive's number plates or identification be legible? → At all times while the locomotive is in service
4. According to GCOR, what is the maximum speed allowed when moving against the current of traffic on a double main track without a specific authority? → 10 mph
5. A train crew encounters a signal displaying a single red light. Under GCOR, what is the primary indication of this 'Stop' signal? → Stop before any part of the train passes the signal and do not proceed without authority.
6. According to GCOR, who is responsible for ensuring that a train does not exceed its authorized speed? → The locomotive engineer
7. According to GCOR Rule 8.2, who bears the ultimate responsibility for the position of a hand-operated switch while it is in use? → The employee who is operating the switch.
8. When a locomotive is placed in multiple unit (MU) service, which locomotive's controls govern the train's braking? → The lead locomotive from which the engineer operates
9. According to GCOR, what action must be taken before a train passes over a track that has been reported as suspected of having a defect? → Obtain specific authority from the dispatcher or track authority
10. Which of the following is a prohibited radio transmission according to GCOR? → Transmitting unidentified, unnecessary, or profane language.
11. According to GCOR, what speed must be observed when passing a roadway worker's on-track equipment that has been given 'clear of the movement' notification? → 20 mph
12. When a locomotive's automatic brake fails to apply during a required brake test, what action must be taken? → The locomotive must be set out and not used until repaired
13. Under GCOR, what does the term 'bad order' mean when applied to a locomotive? → A locomotive that is defective and must be removed from service
14. When must both switches of a hand-operated crossover be opened before starting a crossover movement? → Both switches must be opened before the movement starts.
15. Your train is approaching an interlocking and the governing signal displays a red over green aspect. What action should you take? → Proceed on the diverging route at the prescribed speed through the turnout.
16. In case of doubt or uncertainty: → Take the safe course
17. If a locomotive's headlight fails during a trip, what does GCOR generally require? → Report the defect at the next terminal and take the locomotive out of service
18. An absolute signal is: → A block or interlocking signal without a number plate.
19. In a situation of doubt or uncertainty regarding a rule or instruction, what is the required course of action under GCOR Rule 1.1.1? → Take the safe course.
20. A movement opposite the authorized direction is a : → Reverse movement
21. A train crew is preparing for a switching operation in a complex yard. Before beginning the work, what critical safety activity must they perform together? → Conduct a job briefing to discuss the plan and potential hazards.
22. According to GCOR, what is the first action a crew must take when a derailment occurs? → Protect the scene and notify the dispatcher immediately
23. Under GCOR, what information must be included in an emergency notification to the dispatcher after an accident? → Train ID, location, nature of emergency, and any hazmat involved
24. According to GCOR, what speed is defined as 'restricted speed'? → A speed that allows stopping within the range of vision, not to exceed 15 mph
25. According to GCOR, after an emergency brake application is made, when may the engineer release the brakes? → Only after the train has come to a complete stop and the situation is assessed
26. Under GCOR, what must a locomotive engineer do when the train's speed exceeds the authorized maximum? → Reduce speed immediately and report the violation
27. When making a trailing point movement over a spring switch, which of the following is a primary requirement before proceeding? → A crew member must observe that the switch points are closed and fit properly.
28. Under GCOR, after a crew has stopped to protect a scene, how far in advance must protection be placed from the nearest end of the obstruction? → Sufficient distance to allow stopping a following train
29. An electrically controlled lock that restricts the use of a hand-operated switch or derail is a: → Electric switch lock
30. When GCOR states that a train must 'move prepared to stop,' what does this require of the engineer? → Operate at a speed that allows stopping within the distance that can be seen to be clear