GCAT Reasoning 5

Question 1

All squares are rectangles. Shape X is not a rectangle. What can we conclude?

Accepted Answer

Shape X is not a square

Answer

Using contrapositive: if not a rectangle, then not a square.

Question 2

A car depreciates 15% per year. If it costs $20,000 new, what is its value after 2 years?

Accepted Answer

$14,450

Answer

$20,000 × 0.85 × 0.85 = $20,000 × 0.7225 = $14,450.

Question 3

Find the missing number: 8 : 64 :: 5 : ___

Accepted Answer

25

Answer

8 squared is 64; similarly, 5 squared is 25.

Question 4

In a group of 50 people, 30 like tea and 20 like coffee. 10 like both. How many like neither?

Accepted Answer

10

Answer

Using inclusion-exclusion: 30 + 20 − 10 = 40 like at least one; 50 − 40 = 10 like neither.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?

Accepted Answer

All mammals breathe air; whales are mammals; therefore whales breathe air

Answer

Deductive reasoning draws a guaranteed conclusion from universal premises applied to a specific case.

GCAT - General Cognitive Ability Test Practice Test