GACE Biology 5

Question 1

Which reproductive strategy describes organisms that produce many offspring with minimal parental investment, typical of r-selected species?

Accepted Answer

r-selection

Answer

r-selected species invest energy in producing large numbers of offspring with little parental care, maximizing reproductive output in unpredictable environments.

Question 2

A student notices that a plant kept in a dark room for several days has yellow leaves instead of green. This yellowing most likely results from:

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll breakdown due to lack of light (etiolation)

Answer

Without light, chlorophyll is not synthesized and existing chlorophyll degrades, causing leaves to yellow as carotenoids become more visible — a process called etiolation.

Question 3

Which of the following correctly describes the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA → RNA → Protein

Answer

The central dogma states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA via transcription, and from RNA to protein via translation.

Question 4

Which ecological concept describes the total number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support?

Accepted Answer

Carrying capacity

Answer

Carrying capacity (K) is the maximum population size an environment can support indefinitely given available resources such as food, water, and space.

Question 5

In an experiment, researchers find that a drug prevents the separation of sister chromatids during cell division. At which phase would cell division most likely be arrested?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Sister chromatids separate during anaphase when cohesin proteins are cleaved; blocking this process would arrest the cell at anaphase.

GACE - Georgia Assessments for the Certification of Educators Practice Test

GACE - Georgia Assessments for the Certification of Educators Practice Test

GACE Biology 5