Mixed Deck — All Fundamentals of Engineering Topics Flashcards
100 cards from real Fundamentals of Engineering practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 20 Mixed Deck — All Fundamentals of Engineering Topics flashcards as text
Utilizing acids to eliminate scale and oxides from hot-worked steels is referred to as
Answer: Picking
The process of utilizing acids to eliminate scale, rust, and oxides from the surface of hot-worked steels is known as pickling. This chemical treatment prepares the steel surface for further processing, such as galvanizing, painting, or plating, by ensuring a clean and uniform finish. The acid solution dissolves the undesirable surface contaminants, leaving behind a clean metal surface.
What is the uniform series present worth factor (P/A, i%, n)?
Answer: [(1+i)ⁿ - 1] / [i(1+i)ⁿ]
The P/A factor converts a uniform series of payments A to present worth P: P = A × [(1+i)ⁿ - 1] / [i(1+i)ⁿ].
Which of the following is a thermosetting polymer?
Answer: Epoxy resin
Epoxy resin forms permanent covalent cross-links upon curing and cannot be remelted or reshaped, making it a thermosetting polymer.
What is the centroid location (ȳ) of a rectangle with height h measured from its base?
Answer: h/2
The centroid of a rectangle is at its geometric center, which is h/2 from any edge.
What is the general solution to the ordinary differential equation dy/dx + 2y = 0?
Answer: y = Ce^(-2x)
This first-order linear ODE has solution y = Ce^(-2x) obtained by separation of variables.
A benefit-cost (B/C) ratio greater than 1.0 for a public project indicates:
Answer: Benefits exceed costs and the project is economically justified
A B/C ratio > 1.0 means the present worth of benefits exceeds costs, justifying the public expenditure.
In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each branch is:
Answer: Equal to the source voltage
In a parallel circuit, all branches share the same voltage as the source.
What is the Laplace transform of the function f(t) = e^(−at)?
Answer: 1/(s+a)
L{e^(−at)} = 1/(s+a) for s > −a, a standard transform pair.
Which kind of cast iron is thought to be the most common, traditional, and all-purpose?
Answer: Gray iron
Gray iron is considered the most common, traditional, and all-purpose type of cast iron due to its excellent properties and cost-effectiveness. It is characterized by the presence of graphite flakes in its microstructure, which contribute to its good machinability, high damping capacity, and resistance to wear. These characteristics make it suitable for a wide range of applications.
A 10 kg object is accelerated at 3 m/s². What net force is required?
Answer: 30 N
Newton's second law states F = ma = 10 kg × 3 m/s² = 30 N.
Which thermodynamic cycle has the highest theoretical efficiency for a heat engine operating between two fixed temperatures?
Answer: Carnot cycle
The Carnot cycle sets the upper limit of efficiency for any heat engine operating between two thermal reservoirs.
What do you add to make up for the steel's residually high iron-oxide content?
Answer: Deoxidizers
Deoxidizers are substances added to molten steel to reduce its residually high iron-oxide content by removing dissolved oxygen. Oxygen can lead to defects like porosity and inclusions in the final steel product. Common deoxidizers include silicon, manganese, and aluminum, which react with oxygen to form stable oxides that can be removed as slag.
Conservation of linear momentum applies when:
Answer: No external forces act on the system
Linear momentum is conserved when the net external force on the system is zero.
In an op-amp inverting amplifier configuration, the closed-loop voltage gain is determined by which formula?
Answer: A_v = −R_f / R_in
The inverting amplifier gain is A_v = −R_f/R_in; the negative sign indicates a 180° phase inversion.
If a project has a benefit-to-cost ratio (BCR) of 1.35, which statement is correct?
Answer: The project is economically justified because benefits exceed costs
A BCR > 1.0 indicates the present worth of benefits exceeds costs, making the project economically justified.
What does the derivative dy/dx represent geometrically?
Answer: The slope of the tangent line to the curve y = f(x)
The derivative dy/dx gives the instantaneous rate of change, which equals the slope of the tangent line at a given point.
Which of the following is NOT a typical reinforcing fiber used in polymer-matrix composites?
Answer: Copper fiber
Carbon, glass, and aramid fibers offer high specific strength and stiffness; copper is too dense and ductile to serve as an effective structural reinforcement fiber.
Products made of steel that have been coated with
Answer: Zinc
Steel products are often coated with zinc through a process called galvanization to protect them from corrosion. Zinc acts as a sacrificial coating, corroding preferentially to the steel and forming a protective layer of zinc oxides and carbonates that prevents the underlying steel from rusting. This significantly extends the lifespan of steel structures and components.
In 1936, Henry F. Phillips received a patent for the Phillips screw and screwdriver. What is meant by patented?
Answer: Rights to make, use, and sell the innovation
To be patented means that the inventor has been granted exclusive legal rights by a government to make, use, and sell their innovation for a specific period, typically 20 years from the filing date. This legal protection prevents others from commercially exploiting the invention without the patent holder's permission. The purpose of a patent is to encourage innovation by providing inventors with a temporary monopoly on their creations.
What is the power dissipated in a resistor of 10 Ω carrying a current of 3 A?
Answer: 90 W
Power P = I²R = (3)² × 10 = 9 × 10 = 90 W.