Full-Stack Development Technology & Digital Applications 3

Question 1

What is the difference between SQL and NoSQL databases in terms of schema?

Accepted Answer

SQL enforces a fixed schema; NoSQL typically allows flexible or schemaless storage

Answer

Relational SQL databases require a predefined schema with typed columns, while most NoSQL databases allow documents or records to have varying fields.

Question 2

Which authentication mechanism uses a signed, self-contained token to transmit user claims between client and server without server-side session storage?

Accepted Answer

JSON Web Token (JWT)

Answer

JWTs are digitally signed tokens encoding claims that the server can verify without a database lookup, enabling stateless authentication.

Question 3

In CI/CD pipelines, what distinguishes continuous delivery from continuous deployment?

Accepted Answer

Continuous delivery requires manual approval before production release; continuous deployment releases automatically

Answer

Continuous delivery ensures code is always release-ready but requires a human gate; continuous deployment pushes every passing build to production automatically.

Question 4

What is the primary advantage of using GraphQL over a traditional REST API?

Accepted Answer

Clients can request exactly the fields they need, avoiding over-fetching or under-fetching

Answer

GraphQL lets clients specify precisely which fields to return in a single query, reducing unnecessary data transfer compared to fixed REST endpoints.

Question 5

Which browser storage mechanism is best suited for storing large amounts of structured data client-side with querying capabilities?

Accepted Answer

IndexedDB

Answer

IndexedDB is a low-level browser API providing a transactional database for large amounts of structured data, including files and blobs.

Full-Stack Development Practice Test

Full-Stack Development Practice Test

Full-Stack Development Technology & Digital Applications 3