Practice Test GeeksFS - Fundamentals of Surveying Exam Practice Test
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Route and Transportation Surveys Flashcards

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  1. A parabolic vertical curve is preferred over a circular vertical curve in route surveying primarily because:

    Answer: It provides a constant rate of change of grade

    The parabola's mathematical property of constant second derivative means the grade changes at a uniform rate, making design and staking calculations straightforward.

  2. The prismoidal formula for computing earthwork volumes between two cross-sections is:

    Answer: V = L × (A1 + 4Am + A2) / 6

    The prismoidal formula V = L(A1 + 4Am + A2)/6 uses the end areas and the area of the middle section (Am) for a more accurate volume than the average end area method.

  3. In earthwork terminology, 'swell' refers to:

    Answer: The increase in volume when in-situ material is excavated and loosened

    Swell is the increase in volume that occurs when compacted in-place soil is excavated and broken up, because air voids are introduced between particles.

  4. The K-value for a parabolic vertical curve is defined as:

    Answer: The length of curve (L) divided by the algebraic difference in grades (A)

    K = L/A, where L is the curve length in feet and A is the absolute algebraic difference in grades in percent; it represents the horizontal distance needed to achieve a 1% change in grade.

  5. A crest vertical curve is used when:

    Answer: A positive grade is followed by a negative or less steep positive grade

    A crest (summit) vertical curve occurs when the algebraic difference in grades produces a curve that is concave downward, connecting a positive grade to a negative or flatter grade.

  6. In earthwork volume computations, which method provides greater accuracy when cross-section areas change significantly between stations?

    Answer: Prismoidal formula

    The prismoidal formula accounts for the intermediate cross-section and the shape of the solid more accurately than simply averaging the two end areas.

  7. A mass diagram in highway design is primarily used to:

    Answer: Determine the most economical direction and distance to haul excavated material

    The mass diagram graphically shows cumulative earthwork volumes and allows the designer to balance cut and fill, identify haul directions, and minimize overhaul costs.