Free PSW Physical Care Test 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Definition of mobility.
- Capacity for movement that provides means to perform activities of daily living
- Capacity for movement that provides a means of personal contact, sensation, exploration, pleasure and control (Correct answer)
- Capacity for movement that allows personal contact using mobile devices and electronic gadgets
- Capacity for movement that provides a patient with the ability to ran away from the hospital and avoid unnecessary fees.
Correct answer: Capacity for movement that provides a means of personal contact, sensation, exploration, pleasure and control
Mobility is defined as the capacity for movement that enables individuals to engage with their environment in various ways. This includes facilitating personal contact, experiencing sensations, exploring surroundings, finding pleasure in activities, and maintaining a sense of control over their body and actions. It encompasses more than just performing ADLs, extending to the broader quality of life and interaction.
Question 2: The risk for orthostatic hypotension is primarily a concern for...
- Patient safety (Correct answer)
- Patient mobility
- Patient activity
- Patient civility
Correct answer: Patient safety
Orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing, primarily poses a significant risk to patient safety. The associated symptoms like dizziness, light-headedness, and fainting can lead to falls, which are a major cause of injury and mortality, especially in older adults. Therefore, monitoring for and managing orthostatic hypotension is crucial for preventing falls and ensuring the patient's well-being.
Question 3: Signs and symptoms of orthostatic hypotension:
- Nausea and dizziness
- Light-headedness
- Tachycardia
- Pallor and fainting
- All of the above (Correct answer)
Correct answer: All of the above
Orthostatic hypotension presents with a range of symptoms due to reduced blood flow to the brain and compensatory mechanisms. These include nausea, dizziness, light-headedness, pallor (paleness), and fainting, all resulting from the sudden drop in blood pressure when changing position. Tachycardia, an increased heart rate, is also a common compensatory response as the heart tries to maintain blood flow.
Question 4: A leading cause of death in the United States and whose patients are most affected by physical inactivity.
- Osteoporosis
- Coronary heart disease (Correct answer)
- Atherosclerosis
- Pancreatic Cancer
Correct answer: Coronary heart disease
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death in the United States and is significantly exacerbated by physical inactivity. A sedentary lifestyle contributes to risk factors like obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes, all of which increase the likelihood of developing CHD. Regular physical activity is a crucial preventive measure and management strategy for this condition.
Question 5: Referred to as exercise prescription
- Frequency, intensity, time and type of exercise (Correct answer)
- Place, quality, quantity and days of exercise
- Location, quality, group and time of exercise
- Description, allocation, place and time of exercise
Correct answer: Frequency, intensity, time and type of exercise
An exercise prescription is typically referred to by the FITT principle, which stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type of exercise. These four components are essential for designing an effective and safe exercise program tailored to an individual's needs and goals. They guide how often, how hard, how long, and what kind of exercise should be performed to achieve desired health benefits.
Question 6: For an older adult, it is the least expensive yet effective way to prevent fractures, improve balance, reduce falls, and improve bone density.
- Vitamins and minerals
- Exercise (Correct answer)
- Nutrition
- Activities of daily living
Correct answer: Exercise
For older adults, regular exercise is the least expensive yet highly effective method to prevent fractures, improve balance, reduce falls, and enhance bone density. Unlike medications or supplements, exercise offers a holistic approach to maintaining physical health and independence without significant financial cost. It strengthens muscles and bones, improves coordination, and contributes to overall well-being, significantly reducing age-related risks.
Question 7: Refers to the amount of movement that a person has at each joint
- ADL
- PROM
- ROM (Correct answer)
- PMS
Correct answer: ROM
ROM stands for Range of Motion, which specifically refers to the amount of movement that a person has at each joint. It is a crucial assessment tool in healthcare to evaluate joint flexibility and mobility. Maintaining a full range of motion is vital for performing daily activities, preventing stiffness, and promoting overall physical function.
Question 8: The skill of performing ROM exercises may be delegated to nursing assistive personnel (NAP).
- TRUE (Correct answer)
- FALSE
Correct answer: TRUE
The skill of performing Range of Motion (ROM) exercises can often be delegated to nursing assistive personnel (NAP) or Personal Support Workers (PSWs) after proper training and competency validation. This is because ROM exercises are generally considered a routine intervention to maintain joint mobility and prevent complications, rather than a complex nursing assessment or intervention requiring a licensed nurse. However, the nurse remains responsible for assessing the patient's condition, planning care, and evaluating the effectiveness of the delegated task.
Question 9: While doing a Range of Motion exercise and a new resistance is noted within a joint, what would you do next?
- Continue with the exercise and then consult a health care provider or physical therapist
- Do not force joint motion. Consult with health care provider or physical therapist (Correct answer)
- Leave the patient alone and call the supervisor
- Offer the patient a PRN medication
Correct answer: Do not force joint motion. Consult with health care provider or physical therapist
If new resistance is noted within a joint during Range of Motion (ROM) exercises, it is crucial to stop immediately and not force the motion. Forcing movement against resistance can cause pain, injury, or further damage to the joint or surrounding tissues. The appropriate action is to consult with a healthcare provider or physical therapist to assess the cause of the resistance and determine a safe and appropriate course of action.
Question 10: A proper protocol in doing a Range of Motion exercise.
- Do it from distal to proximal. Repeat each movement twice.
- Do it in a head-to-toe sequence. Repeat each movement 8 times.
- Do it in a head-to-toe sequence. Repeat each movement 5 times. (Correct answer)
- Do it in a random sequence. Repeat each movement 3 times.
Correct answer: Do it in a head-to-toe sequence. Repeat each movement 5 times.
A proper protocol for performing Range of Motion (ROM) exercises typically involves a systematic approach, often starting from the head and moving down to the toes (head-to-toe sequence). This ensures all major joints are addressed. Repeating each movement approximately 3-5 times is a common guideline to achieve therapeutic benefits without overexertion or causing discomfort, promoting joint flexibility and preventing stiffness.
Question 11: When you bring chin to rest on your chest. What type of movement do you do? And what part of your body do you move?
- Extension, neck
- Flexion, neck (Correct answer)
- Rotation, head
- Hyperextension, head
Correct answer: Flexion, neck
Bringing the chin to rest on the chest is a movement known as flexion of the neck. Flexion refers to a bending movement that decreases the angle between two body parts. In this case, it decreases the angle between the head and the torso, specifically at the cervical spine (neck).
Free PSW Physical Care Test 2
Definition of mobility.