FREE Physician Assistant Clinical Knowledge Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements regarding the various forms of sleep apnea is FALSE?
The most prevalent form of sleep apnea is obstructive sleep apnea. It is brought on by a respiratory impediment that prevents airflow via the mouth and nose.
All of the following EKG abnormalities are frequently present while assessing the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation EXCEPT:
When an abnormal heartbeat is detected, an EKG is used to identify atrial fibrillation. Characteristic findings include the absence of P waves, which is replaced by disordered electrical activity, and irregular R-R intervals because of abnormal impulse conduction to the ventricles.
Which of the following DOES NOT characterize a typical pulmonary embolism clinical finding?
Tachypnea (rapid breathing), pleuritic chest discomfort, dyspnea, and anxiety are typical clinical signs of pulmonary embolism. Right ventricular collapse and systemic hypotension may occur in massive PE.
After making lifestyle changes, which drug class is advised as the first-line treatment for hypercholesterolemia?
The rate-limiting step in the production of cholesterol, HMG-CoA reductase, is blocked by the statins. Statins marginally raise high-density lipoprotein while lowering LDL, total, and triglyceride cholesterol (HDL-c).
The most typical congenital cardiac defect is which of the following?
The most typical cardiac defect is a ventricular septal defect (congenital heart disease). A VSD affects at least 1 out of every 500 newborns.
The following are examples of anterior mediastinal tumors, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF:
Thymoma, teratoma, thyroid lesions, and lymphoma are a few of the several types of anterior mediastinal tumors.
Which of the following is the most significant risk factor for stroke that can be modified?
The greatest significant modifiable risk factor for an ischemic stroke is hypertension. When hypertension is defined as having a systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure of 95 mm Hg, the majority of estimates for hypertension show a relative risk of stroke of about 4.
Which of the aforementioned claims regarding Hashimoto's thyroiditis is accurate?
The most common cause of multinodular goiter in the US is Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune illness.
What pulmonary condition is characterized by reversible airway obstruction brought on by bronchial hyperreactivity, airway inflammation, mucus plugging, and smooth muscle hypertrophy?
The respiratory condition known as bronchial asthma is characterized by reversible airway obstruction brought on by airway inflammation, mucus plugging, and smooth muscle hypertrophy.
Which of the following types of cyanotic congenital heart disease is most prevalent?
The most typical congenital cardiac abnormality in children is tetralogy of Fallot. The syndrome results in the mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood when it is pushed from the heart into the blood vessels' circulatory system.
Which of the following pleural effusions is brought on by chronic heart failure, cirrhosis, or nephrotic syndrome?
Fluid leaking into the pleural space is what causes transudative pleural effusions. This results from high blood pressure or low protein levels in the blood vessels. The most frequent causes are nephritic syndrome, congestive heart failure, and liver cirrhosis.
Which of the following cardiomyopathies often exhibits a murmur that is less audible while the patient is standing or executing a Valsalva maneuver?
Standing or doing Valsalva movements reduces the murmur of restrictive cardiomyopathy.
Which of the following types of tumors originates in the mediastinum the most frequently?
Thymomas are the most prevalent kind of thymic cancer that originates in the mediastinum, while being uncommon. They are produced by thymic epithelial cells, which coat the thymus.
Which of the following cardiomyopathy subtypes is most frequently observed in athletes and hypertensive patients?
Although genetic predisposition is one of the main reasons in the development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, patients with hypertension and people who engage in excessive exercise, such as sports, are also frequently affected.
Which of the following definitions of forced vital capacity is true?
When a patient blows as forcefully as quickly as they can, the amount of airflow that is exhausted is measured as their forced vital capacity.
Which issue with the left bundle branch block (LBBB) is most likely related to it?
One of four conditions—severe aortic valve disease, ischemic heart disease, chronic hypertension, and cardiomyopathy—is indicated by LBBB.